SUMMARY:
Notes describe masses of Primula denticulata near Ayipu and few flowers around a halt at Shakti, with magnolias and pine noted on nearby hillsides. The march to Pangchen (10 miles) includes river crossings by bamboo bridge, travel along the right and left banks, and a landmark Chorten Qorra, with observations on weather, temperature, and altitude.

CONTENT:
here at Ayipu. They were first seen at Kini, but on this side one sometimes sees the ground covered with them. At the moment they are only a foot or two high. Primula denticulata (Tahtoo) is here in masses too. There is a patch of fine old pine trees (Pinus wallichiana 1231) above the village (1231) - magnolias are common a little further up. A lovely day till the afternoon, then clouded, some rain by 5.30 pm.

26th March. Halt Shakti. A fine day again. But I can find no flowers anywhere, only a few trees of interest. Primula denticulata (1202) is wonderful in places, whole stretches of the hillside being covered with them. And Magnolia campbellii too shows up as a belt of white at about 8500, running round the hillside. (Juniperus recurva).

To 27th March. Pangchen. 10 miles. B.P. 199.8° Temp. 66° 3.0 pm. Approx height 6953'. A better march as far as length is concerned. Down to the river, which is crossed by a bamboo bridge at mile 2. Then up the Right bank, close to the river the whole way to an enormous Chorten Qorra at mile 8. Cross the river again just above here to the Left bank. Then sharply

SUMMARY:
Notes a barometric pressure (BP) reading of 201.7 at Dzong with temperature 66° and a multiplier of 1.08, leading to a computed value of 5883. Additional figures 5448, 435, and 84 are shown as part of the calculation.

CONTENT:
140

BP of Dzong : 201.7 = 5448 Temp 66° x 1.08
435 84

5883

SUMMARY:
Records a bearing of 330° M. for a mountain up the Trashiyangsi valley from Chorten Kora, with readings noted as B.P. 197.0, Temp 60°, Mean 58°, and numbers 7997, 1.05, 400, 8397.

CONTENT:
Bearing of Mt up the
Trashiyangsi valley from Chorten
Kora 330° M.

B.P. 197.0 Temp 60°. Mean 58°
7997 1.05
400
8397

SUMMARY:
The diarist reports obtaining three specimens of Beavan's Bullfinch, a species very rare in the National Collection, noting that two were females and one male. The birds were very tame, found in open rhododendron and oak forest at 7000, with one female remaining in a Salix bush after the others were shot. Female specimens are noted as long desired at the B. M.

CONTENT:
L. p. 17 I got 3 specimens of Beavan's Bullfinch
(Pyrrhula e. erythaca). I have been constantly
looking out for it in Bhutan but have never
seen it until now. Apparently it is a very rare
Bullfinch as it is represented in the National Collection
by two specimens only - all ♂. Fortunately out of the
3 birds I got 2 were ♀. They were very tame &
the birds (only 3 in number) were in open rhodo &
oak forest at 7000. I shot a ♂ & a ♀ with
the first shot. The other ♀ did not fly away but
remained in the Salix bush in which its companions
were perched & complained plaintively at her
fallen mates. I hated shooting her but specimens
of this rare bird, esp ♀'s have long been a
desiderata at the B. M.
L. ibis 45. 206

SUMMARY:
Slight rain on the descent from Bela La to Paro; arrival about 1 pm, followed by a visit from Paro from 2 pm to 6 pm, whose over-familiar manner and open dislike of the Maharaja are noted, with mention of the death of his mother Ashi Palden and inquiries about floating logs down the Wangde Chu. Botanical notes record Cyananthus incanus (3564), Cyananthus lobatus (3565), Codonopsis convolvulacea (3568), and a Codonopsis resembling C. vinciflora with a wine-red ring at the corolla base and hairs to the ring.

CONTENT:
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Bela La - Paro. Aug 10 Cyananthus incanus 3564, Cyananthus lobatus 3565 Codonopsis convolvulacea 3568
11-12000ft.
92

Slight rain today. Arrived in about 1.0pm. Then Paro came to me at 2.0pm stayed till 6.0pm. He is quite easy to talk to and has lots to say, but I'm not sure that I like him very much. He is too friendly - in fact he embraced me many times, rubbed his forehead on my chest and clutched my hand for as long as he could. He most certainly does not like the Maharaja and said so pretty openly. The late Maharaja he liked but not this one. He sometimes says one thing, sometimes another; he never told him I was coming so on and so on. I did not like the way he talked at all. A good deal is probably due to the death of Ashi Palden his Mother, who had a very good influence over him. I fancy he was trying to get something out of me, and was asking about floating logs down the Wangde Chu.

On the way down from the pass we found a Codonopsis which looks like Codonopsis vinciflora, but has a ring of wine red at the base of the corolla and hairs from the base to the ring

SUMMARY:
Camped below the Dzong, the diarist notes abundant irises and Primula tibetica and receives a very old walnut wooden tea pot from the Gompa via the Dzongpen. On 6th May (halt day) the Dzongpen lunched with them, abstained from certain foods, accepted liqueurs and cigarettes, and related the decline of Karuha temple’s lamas.

CONTENT:
63

below the Dzong in a much nicer place than before. The Dzongpen came to call and stayed an hour. He is a nice man, very helpful. The irises here are a wonderful sight, and there are a few little Primula tibetica just coming into flower (1551). When we were here last, I asked the Dzongpen about old wooden tea pots. He however did not know much about them, and never remembered seeing any. When I arrived today, I found one on my table. He had got it from the Gompa. All he can tell me is they are very old indeed, were used for tea by the monks, when they sat out in a row for their food, and it is made of walnut, of which there are a few trees here.

6th May. Halt. A lovely day. The Dzongpen came to lunch and stayed a couple of hours. I think he enjoyed himself, but keeps to his vows pretty strictly. He would eat no bacon, no eggs - no chicken. But he took both cherry brandy and Cointreau, and went off with a tin of cigarettes. He told us that Karuha temple used to have 40 lamas, but that they became a bad lot, married and so on, and so the place was washed out. The Lopa story is incorrect.

SUMMARY:
Cover page indicating the expedition regions (Bhutan and South Tibet) and the period April to October 1933.

CONTENT:
Bhutan - South Tibet
April - October
1933.

SUMMARY:
Zimpon visits from Tashi Cho Dzong and demonstrates imported rice mills, with the diarist comparing Kashgar huskers. The party travels through Pyimitangha to Paro and Ha Dzong amid variable weather, meets Tasho and his men near the Belaka, and laments missing a Codonopsis previously collected on 14 Aug 1937.

CONTENT:
Zimpon rode down from Tashi Cho Dzong to see us, he stayed a long time with us. He has imported two rice mills & I went to see one. It is a small & easily transported machine, which husks 30 mds a day. He takes 5% of rice as payment. He made the wooden driving wheel & the power is water. It all works very well. I showed him how the rice huskers of Kashgar work, & think he will make one to try.

11th August. Pyimitangha. 5.15 to 10.30. Fine till we got in, then a few showers, & a fine evening. A nice valley, dryer than any seen in Bhutan, with mixed pine & broadleaf forest. Ceratostigma griffithianum common on first half of March, but in poor flower this year.

12th Aug. Paro. Mist & some rain until close to Paro. Were met on the Belaka by some of Tasho Drugyel's men with tea & biscuits, & later on by Tasho himself. This was unfortunate, as I had no chance of finding the Codonopsis again, which I got on 14 Aug 1937, & which is new. This was very sad indeed, but I will have another chance on returning.

13th August Ha Dzong. 6.30 to 2.30 Heavy rain to start with but clearing up. Did not see any Peony, but was not looking carefully

SUMMARY:
Lists bird specimens 2416–2420 with sexes and identifications, and notes the exhausting climbs, gaining 3000 ft and losing it the next day. Remarks that in Bhutan low temperatures are not felt below 8,500 ft during summer.

CONTENT:
2416 ♀ Trochalopteron l. imbricatum.
2417 ♂ Alauda Indeed that most exhausting & it is almost
2418 ♀ Tesia luteoventris. heartbreaking to climb up to 3000ft & then
2419 ♂ Oriolus ? lose it all the following day.
In Bhutan one cannot feel low temperature
2420 ♀ Dicaeum i. ignipectum. under 8500' in summer.

SUMMARY:
Notes describe a pervasive small biting fly in Bhutan, abundant around camp, and a lack of birds on the eastern side of a pass compared to the western side. It reports continuous heavy rain through night and day, and very dense, steep jungle with short visibility where the best birds are found.

CONTENT:
Ludlow 118 - There is a peculiar little biting fly in Bhutan which is the cause of great annoyance to everyone. It is as small as a sandfly, it bites one vehemently, not noticed so much at midday, but late in afternoon and early morning it is particularly active. There are numbers of these flies in the camp.
No birds - evidently this eastern side of the pass is not nearly so interesting (ornithologically speaking) as the western side.

Ludlow 119 'A damnable day'
It rained the whole of last night and the whole of today - not just ordinary rain but streaming rain, rain that falls from the clouds as it falls from the rose of a watering can.

Ludlow 120 - the jungles are very dense and steep. One can seldom see more than a dozen yards, often less, but most of the best birds are in these thick jungles.