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SUMMARY:
The author reports rapid wear of shoes, sends mail, and has Pasang and Mundra go to Shasjebang, expecting their return on 1 July; letters from Betty include Chuni’s quip about B.J.’s impending child. On 29 June a halt is kept with some rain; photos are developed, stores rearranged ahead of moving toward Bumthang, Lhakpa washes clothes, fleas are dealt with using DDT, and observations are made on late flowering and snow conditions near Me La.

CONTENT:
shoes, I calculated on a life of 6 weeks easy. Actually they are through in 3 weeks or even less, and better than the cheap Bata muck costing Rs 2/- each. Before the war Dunlop tennis shoes lasted 2 months or more on these trips. Mail went off early in the morning, Pasang & Mundra go down to Shasjebang to get what they can, return on 1st July. Among the letters Betty sent me was one from Chuni. She had heard that B.J.'s new wife was to have a baby, B.J. being I suppose 70 now. Chuni's remark was "Is there a Lost Horizon in the Isle of Wight?"

29th June Halt. A fine day right up till 2.0pm, after which a good deal of rain. Stayed in camp again, to the great showing up of our collection. In two days we have got 2 specimens only! Pasang & Mundra went off to Shasjebang. I developed photos, which are good, re-arranged stores, as we won't come back here till just before going to Bumthang, & Lhakpa washed some clothes. Since we've been away, other people have used our hut, so it seems to me it is full of fleas. At any rate I have collected a great many today, & have had to cover myself with DDT. I still cannot think why this place - indeed Bhutan generally - is so late flowering. The Lola Smith side was free of snow except for a very small bit at the top, in April. Betty talks of walking over 1 1/2 miles of snow to the Me La on June 10th. The Me La is higher, but not all that. One is 13500 & the other about 14500'. Here we have not come across much snow, but there is no doubt that flowers on

SUMMARY:
Specimen entries 2303–2304 record male Grandala coelicolor from Kangha at 14,500 feet on 29/08/1933. Includes a note quoting Ludlow about the strenuous ascent to the Kang La and feeling the effects of high altitude.

CONTENT:

2303. 29.8.33. ♂ Grandala coelicolor. Kangha. 14500' ✓

2304. " ♂ - - - ✓

      Ludlow "I found the ascent
      to the Kang La very trying. I
      am afraid I feel high
      altitude far more than I
      used to" - this in 1933!

SUMMARY:
Brief list of plant specimens from Pangchen’s alpine area, noting Gentiana maculifera, Gentiana glabriuscula, and Rhododendron lindleyi with specimen numbers 1263, 1264, 1266, and 1269.

CONTENT:
2nd Alpine Pangchen
Gentiana maculifera
1263.
Gent. glabriuscula 1264
Rhod. lindleyi 1266 1269

SUMMARY:
A 14-mile march with heavy climbs brought the party to Sakden via the Munde La, where the cooler elevation was welcome. Ludlow arrived ill with fever and neuralgia, while Gulla collapsed en route with a high temperature, possibly malaria from Menoka or Diwangiri. Botanical finds were limited, including a few orchids, several rhododendrons, and a spirea.

CONTENT:
once to Sakden to say that two of each were to be ready for us on arrival.

2nd July. To SAKDEN. 14 miles. (B.P. 195.0° = 9095' Temp. 65°).

A difficult day for everyone, as the march was so long. 14 miles does not seem long, but add to it 4000 odd feet of climb and many descents of 500 feet and reclimbs of 500 feet in between, it is a good day's march. Ludlow was feeling poor in the morning when we left, and had no breakfast. He came straight on here, and went to bed with fever, though not much temperature. He has bad neuralgia and pains in the legs. Gulla gave out halfway, now has a temperature of 102°. I'm afraid he must have got malaria in Menoka or Diwangiri.

Sakden is a splendid place. We are at last at the right height, where it is cool. It was a hot day, and even up here pretty sweaty walking, but the nights will be grand. The climb up here is awful, up steps half the way. Over the Munde La, the country suddenly opens out, there is a large area of grassland - ideal grazing ground. Flowers on the way were rather disappointing, I only found two orchids, four rhododendrons and a spirea and one or two other small things. One rhododendron, white with red streaks up the corolla segments, is almost

SUMMARY:
The party camps on a ridge above the right bank of the Tirganz Chu, noting no water for tomorrow’s march and the need to cook beforehand. They traverse a small side valley, then climb steeply through open forest to the Dunkar La (c. 7900 ft), with fine weather until heavy mist from the southwest after 2:10 pm and no notable flowers observed.

CONTENT:
water, though none actually in camp. Arrangements must
be made to cook before leaving here, as no water is
available on tomorrow's march or at camp tomorrow.
No flowers of interest seen today, but we are getting
up to a better altitude steadily. General direction of
valley from 270° to 90° -

2nd May Camp on ridge above R bank of Tirganz Chu. 5 miles. Coolies
7-8000 ft. 6.30 am to 12 noon. BP. 197.4° Temp. 57° Time 2.0 pm. Ht.
Fine night & till 2.10 this afternoon. After that we were in
heavy mist coming up from the S West. Path is level
for 1/4 miles over a small side valley with water in
it. Then ascent very steep through fairly open forest
to m 3. After this ascent gradual to the Dunkar
Dunkar La
7900 ft La leading over the ridge. This pass must be about
500 ft lower than camp. "Dunkar" = conch trumpet. There
is a hollow stone with a small piece of bamboo attached
which blows a note like the conch, on the pass. From here
a path leads directly over the La to a place where cattle
are kept, there is some water down the S. side. Path
continues more or less level to the W. along the ridge for

SUMMARY:
Notes bird activity near camp, including a ruby throat nest with two young, redstarts, pipits, and ravens. Sends a letter to Ludlow and discusses a three-day route to Shao through jungle and passes, considering going to Tsona, with plans to wait about a week and then return via the Tulung and Dza las.

CONTENT:
The text from the image is transcribed below:

3rd Aug. Mago.

49

Gent. bryoides 756
" elwesii 758
Prim. involucrata 757
" macrophylla 761
Corydalis 759
Lonicera parvifolia 760
Meconopsis bella 806
Sax. sphaerulifera 807
" montanella 808 & 809
Rhod. aganniphum 811
Anemone rupicola 813

Don't know, or a youngster. I think there should be some good birds about here if one had the time to look, or it were clear enough to see. A raven has been at camp often, p. thura thura are everywhere; another dark finch keeps to the clearings, sits tight in the primulas. Today I found a ruby throat nest with two young in it. Redstarts abound, as do pipits probably hodgsoni. Sent a letter off to Ludlow today. There is no doubt one can get to Shao from here. It is a three days journey, mostly through jungle, & crossing three passes. I think it would be worth our while to try to go to Tsona that way. Our plans just now are to wait for a week or so then return as we came by the Tulung & Dza las. Until I can get a view of the country I cannot tell where to go

SUMMARY:
In heavy rain at Yonpu La, the party travels and, at Yusu’s request, writes to Neoli Basu to arrange bullock carts if vehicles cannot reach Darang Mela; they are lent mules to Darang and find lodging near a new lhakang built by Dopala. Local requests for medical aid are noted, and Betty falls ill with stomach trouble, likely food-related.

CONTENT:
we may be able to send paludrine later on. They also want injections for syphilis. Tobgye sent someone to Darang Mela once that was very popular & they say did a great deal of good. I doubt if it did permanent good, but it was much appreciated. We are being lent 3 mules to Darang, & everything else we suggest is done at once.

3rd June Yonpu La Heavy rain all night again & rain most of the day today. Left 7.30: in at 10.30. Yusu apparently thinks the rains have started, as he asked us to write another letter to Neoli Basu asking for arrangements to be made for bullock carts if the lorry or cars cannot get through to Darang Mela. This we have done. We were surprised to find up here a big new Hlakang, built by Dopala 3 years ago. We are housed in a small but clean quarter inside the compound, with another as cookhouse. It is very convenient. Betty has fallen sick with some pretty bad tummy trouble, worse than she has had since we started the trip. I hope it was only caused by some hot chang regg - a special dish made for us - which she had last night. I hope it is not any kind of infection from the millions of flies of the last week. Here there are few flies anyway, & we have got rid of good many bugs, fleas & ticks. If she gets better quickly we should not have much trouble till we leave Dmanjin now.

SUMMARY:
During a three-day halt, the party planned to head toward Sakden, while noting a Primula from Yonpu La as P. Boothii, previously found by Cooper and K. Ward in the Nyamjang chu. Lumsden treated many patients, the Dzongpen provided supplies and huts for the route up the Gamri Chu, and Ahmad Sheikh made excuses when tasked with making mince pies.

CONTENT:
all he said, though with some difficulty. Plans have been made for us to go almost anywhere we like, and we will, after three days here, go off towards Sakden again. Weather perfect, with no sign of rain for a while yet. The Primula found on the Yonpu La 1147 must be P. Boothii, a Petiolaris primula. It is uncommon, but was found by Cooper three times and by K. Ward in the Nyamjang chu. It has some farina on unopened buds, though nowhere else. The colour is beautiful, but might not last in sunshine. I have two excellent colour Lumière photos of it.

3rd, 4th, 5th March Halt. We are in no hurry, so halted here for three days and did nothing but eat, write, and sleep. Lumsden, however, had his work cut out and had many patients, some sham and many real. The Dzongpen has been very kind indeed to us, supplied us with all sorts of stores and other things, and prepared huts for us on our way up the Gamri Chu. Ahmad Sheikh continues to produce wonderful excuses for anything he does not know. We told him to make mince pies yesterday,

SUMMARY:
The diarist attempts to get Test match scores by wireless without success, then travels 8 miles to LILUNG noting entry into a dry zone, changing flowers, and observations of woodpeckers and a jay. The next day they go 9 miles to SIMBITANKA in fine weather, remarking on the marked change in the Tsangpo valley over a short distance.

CONTENT:
not at all bad, the hillsides look as if they showed how something, but near the valley had been done how much. For the last three evenings I have had the wireless up, trying to get the Test match scores, but it is very bad just now, I could not get the final result. I wish it would function well just now, as it would be nice to hear all the sport news from home.

30th June. LILUNG. 8 miles. A fine & bright day, with a few very heavy very short showers. The country changes completely today, we are obviously in the dry zone again. It is nice to be in it too, to feel so dry, even if it does rain a little. Flowers changed rapidly, now found quite a lot on the way here. There is a lily on the hillside, but not yet in flower. We only saw a very few. Birds have also changed. I saw 3 or 4 of the big black woodpecker in the pine forest, & fired three times at one (2-6's & 1 brush) with no effect at all. Later on for a green woodpecker & a jay, none of the nuthatches I saw when at Tholo before.

1st July. SIMBITANKA. 9 miles. A lovely fine day with bright sun all day. Clouds over the hills N & S, but the valley is clear. There was not much of interest today, but it is interesting to see the great change in the Tsangpo valley in such a short distance. Here the con

SUMMARY:
Notes prolific flowering and collections including a new primula (P. jaffreyana 2257), an iris (2251), Incarvillea lutea (2252), and Thalictrum chelidonii. Reports shortage of drying paper, and mail issues: the runner found no mail at Tsona but had a chit from the Dzongpen; outgoing mail was forwarded by the Dzongpen and more is to be sent via Chayul.

CONTENT:
Rhod. sanguineum 1881, R. campylogynum 1882, forrestii var. repens 1883.
Diapensia himalaica 1884, Prim. valentiana 1885. P. Elizabethae 1886 sp. nov.
Omphalogramma bathysepala sp. nov. 1887

...see how much more prolific the flowers were on this side. The most interesting things were a new primula P. jaffreyana 2257. Common to quite low down. A beautiful iris 2251, which I think is near the K.W.'s Karta iris, a queer lily-like affair 2252 (Incarvillea lutea), I don't know what it is.

Thalictrum chelidonii was in flower about halfway here, beautiful as ever. There were also a number of shrubs in flower too. Altogether yesterday I collected 20 different species. Now I have no paper left to put the dried flowers in. No mail turned up, but the runner is there. He found no mail in Tsona. We thought he was doing us down, but he had a chit from the Dzongpen which shows he was alright. Our last outgoing mail was still lying there, but both were sent on by the Dzongpen.

30th June. Halt. Sanga Choling. Another perfect day. Packed up mail to send off tomorrow via Chayul. Packed up as many dried flowers as possible, but have no paper; with this confounded tamasha going on, I cannot get hold of anyone. I now only have about 80 sheets of drying paper to play about with, which is...

[Marginal Notes:]
P. jaffreyana 2257
Iris decora 2251
Thalictrum 2253
Meconopsis 2256
Jeffreyana 2257
Tibetica 2258
Dracocephalum 2255
Primula 2255
Rosa macrophylla var. farreri 2259
Gentiana 2249
Cryptantha 2250
Clematis 2254
Gentiana tibetica 2258
Jasminum officinale 2261