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SUMMARY:
The diarist describes masses of flowers on open grassy slopes and in fir and juniper forest, noting especially profuse Primula winteri. They meet a sepoy and coolies from H.H., receive friendly letters and generous presents from H.H. and the Maharani (including butter, parched rice, and arak), and note that expected mail has not yet arrived.

CONTENT:
the grassy hillside was thick with these, all jumbled together, a patch of blue, then joined on to it a patch of white, & so on, really a beautiful sight. They were growing so profusely where the ground is probably pretty rich with yak manure, just close to a 'goat' on the open grassy hillside. Prim. Winteri is again in masses, & bigger flowered here than I have ever seen it, very profuse in the fir & juniper forest. It seems to like the fallen leaves from Abies Webbiana. Soon after leaving camp I met a sepoy & a train of coolies from H.H., who had not yet had my letter, but had heard from someone that I was up this way. Both his letters & the Maharani's were very friendly - "Since our first meeting, we became such great friends that we are now like the members of one family." Both sent presents, from H.H. "1) One load butter. 2) One bag parched rice 3) Two cases native brewery. 4) One box native biscuits." And from the Maharani - "a trifling present of a native made chadar, one bag parched rice, and a case of native brewery." The "native brewery" I had hoped would be chang (beer) but it is arak (spirit) which I can't touch. Everything else will be very good though, especially the 60 lbs of butter. I had hoped for a mail too, but there is no news of it yet.

SUMMARY:
Diary note records Ludlow traveling to Sharithang via a valley leading to the Cam La Thada in western Bhutan. The valley is forested with firs (Abies webbiana) and has luxuriant undergrowth of Ilex, willows, and Viburnum.

CONTENT:
W. Bhutan
20th May Ludlow goes to Sharithang via
a valley leading to the Cam La Thada
Both sides of the valley were forested
firs (Abies webbiana) with a luxuriant
undergrowth of Ilex, willows, Viburnum, etc.

SUMMARY:
Describes Sengai Dzong near Lachung at the junction of two glacial streams, with a small ramshackle dzong and a cliff monastery inhabited by a few lamas. Surrounding cliffs feature hanging glaciers above forests of slender firs (Abies Webbiana), with the scene marred by monsoon clouds and heavy rain.

CONTENT:
Aug 17
Lachung. Sengai Dzong is situated on a
flat - where the stream meanders
peacefully through willow & rhododendron glades -
at the junction of 2 glacial streams from
the North West. The Dzong consists of a
small ramshackle building more
worthy of the name 'hut' than Dzong.
There is also a small monastery
built into a cliff in which 2 or 3 Lamas
live. The cliffs & peaks surrounding
the Sengai Dzong plain are sheer &
imposing. Small hanging glaciers
descend from every peak & below them
are forests of rather slender firs
(Abies Webbiana). It is a pretty spot
but the beauty of the place was spoilt
by monsoon clouds & drenching rain

SUMMARY:
Travel from a pass down to an open plain and up the Mera Chu to the village of Mera is described, noting Sukun La nearby and forested scenery in Bhutan. At a camp 4 miles below Mera, an overnight gale blew off several hut roofs built by locals, and few flowers were seen apart from a blue primula.

CONTENT:
P. White 1166 saw 1156 in flower and very much of it. We are too high here for flowers, am afraid I was rather cross at coming right on here. From the pass one drops for a mile to an open grassy plain, thence the path follows up the Mera Chu to Mera. At about m 10 a little nala comes in from the South and at the head of it, a mile away, is the Sukun La. Mera is a village like Sakden, of 60 houses or so. This is the prettiest part of Bhutan I have ever seen. The hills are thickly covered with Abies (webbiana?) with a good deal of larch, juniper & birch. The valley is open, & there is excellent grazing.

Mera 10th March. 4 m. below Mera. Camp. Yesterday evening a gale got up and held all night. The locals had built a village for me - 5 living huts, & three outhouses. Each of 4 huts had a covered passage behind, to its own private W.C. The roof was the usual wooden slab, held down by stones. But the wind was too much for it, & by 12.30 today half the roofs had gone. As there are no flowers but the blue primula 1156 to be seen

Prim White

SUMMARY:
Movements are recorded near Lung, with Lumsden and Tenduk exploring a southern valley, Tsongpen a southeastern one, and Pintso reporting a steep climb and descent in the Char Chu gorge; despite a reportedly reasonable route, the party decides to return to Charme via Chayul. Ludlow collects Suthora fulvifrons and rhododendrons, while the diarist notes an early start, a Lopa path possibly leading to Kushung La, and dense mixed forest.

CONTENT:
Lumsden & Tenduk up the valley South of Lung itself. Tsongpen himself up a big valley to the South East of camp. Pintso reports a climb of about 1500 through the gorge of the Char Chu, very steep, & an equally steep descent again. Otherwise the route is supposed to be pretty reasonable, but we have decided to go back to Charme. It seems silly to do so as Charme is 11 miles from here, will take us 8 days going back via Chayul. Ludlow got some Suthora fulvifrons, saw a good many rhododendrons & some other flowers. I had an excellent day, & a long one. Left camp at 5.30 & got in just after 2.0 pm. The first 1300 ft or so was up a burnt hillside, which helped a lot. Then I was lucky in finding a Lopa path through the bamboo. This must I think eventually lead to a pass, perhaps the Kushung La. The jungle is pretty dense, consisting of bamboo & rhododendron, birch, fir, pine & larch. The fir looks like Abies Webbiana again. We found eight more rhododendrons, some of which are particularly fine. The prettiest I thought were Rhod. fulvum 1383 with a nicely spotted upper half, & a blush pink flower: a fine

SUMMARY:
Notes the thermograph start on 31 December 1946 at about 12,250 feet, with snowfall events at Tomjuk in early to mid-January. Describes tree composition in the Sobhe la valley and records date correspondences for Jan 28 and Feb 23 related to the thermograph.

CONTENT:
34

Thermograph started midday Tuesday 31.12.46.
at about 12,250'
Snowed slightly at Tomjuk night of 4-5, night of 6-8th Jan.
Snowed heavily 11-12th Jan.

Trees in Sobhe la valley are Pinus of two kinds, gradually
giving way to Picea and Juniper with Rhododendron, Quercus ilex, Hydrangea,
Birch and Acer. Further up Abies webbiana takes the place of the
Pine and Spruce, and there is a lot of Willow - shrub and dwarf.

Jan 28th was the 5th of the 12th month. The 28th day should have been
28th Jan.
Feb. 23rd was the 3rd of the 1st month. = 28th day for Thermograph.