SUMMARY:
The writer reports finding P. caveana and, with Tundup’s collections, totals 27 gatherings, then receives mail including two lots from Kalimpong and letters from Betty, who has found P. jigmediana again. They comment on Hicks’ limited results with the camera, news that Bhutan’s treaty matters seem settled, car delivery news from Chris, and concern over the Paro Penlop’s worsening condition as H.H. cannot visit. On 15th June they halt in camp, send mail to Betty, Kalimpong, and H.H., note heavy showers, and remark on large butter consumption.

CONTENT:
Primula farinosa 19149
Primula sapphirina 19147
Meconopsis horridula 19136
Cremanthodium decaisnei 19148
Cypripedium himalaicum 19131
Cypripedium elegans 19134
Orchis chusua 19129
19144

valley to the east and found P. caveana in full flower, and with a few things collected by Tundup, we are 27 gatherings in all. I was busy writing these up when the mail arrived, and a good mail too, with two lots from Kalimpong, and two letters of 23rd - 28th from Betty. She has done pretty well I think, and has found P. jigmediana for the second time only. They also have P. caveana I suppose most of what I have otherwise. She seemed more cheerful too, but Hicks is not a great success I fear. He wrote to me in a cheerful enough way, and realized he was not as good as he might be. I fear he hasn't done much with the camera, whether the camera's or his fault I don't know. There was no special news in the mail I think except that Bhutan now seems to have all points of their Treaty settled at last, not badly either, if India keeps the bargain. Chris tells me the car I ordered at home on "18 months delivery" in Nov. last, will be delivered in June - now. That is rather unfair to him I feel, but it's very nice to know I won't have to take our car home. Paro Penlop is apparently worse, and H.H. very sorry he cannot manage to go and see him which he feels he certainly ought to do. I suppose it is cancer without doubt now. As there was such a lot to do, I decided to send off a mail tomorrow and not go out after flowers.

15th June Halt. Stayed in camp and sent off a mail to Betty and to Kalimpong and to H.H. Fine with some heavy showers. Nothing to report. I find we have disposed of over a maund of butter in 3 weeks, and cannot think how that could possibly

SUMMARY:
The diarist reflects on rainfall patterns across SE Tibet and suggests a rain-gauge transect from Sikkim to the Tsangpo Gorge. On 30 June heavy rain hampers collecting, with Meconopsis bella absent and only M. simplicifolia common; seed of P. atrodentata is ripe, and plans are made to try Marlung, Waitang, and Trompa-lun. On 1 July, despite very wet conditions, the diarist and one Bhutanese assistant go via the Chachhu La to a large high-altitude lake.

CONTENT:
the south side here, are lower than similar ones on the north side in SE Tibet. I can't see the reason, unless it be that rain does not reach the main range in any amount until about the first week in June, whereas it certainly does before that further east. A line of rain gauges at similar heights from Sikkim to the Tsangpo Gorge, on the actual rain axis would be most interesting.

30th June. Halt. Rain most of the day, especially morning. A thoroughly bad day for the last of the month. I went out round over the cliffs opposite camp & came back without getting a flower. It seemed ideal for Mec. bella for instance, but there was no sign. In fact the only common Mec. in this whole area is simplicifolia. I hope we will find Marlung better than here or Waitang. At any rate I plan to get over to the Trompa-lun somehow, & feel confident that will be better. But one cannot find out anything about these places without actually going. Locals will tell you anything without knowing, or nothing if they do know. Seed of P. atrodentata is now ripe. It is always the first to ripen.

1st July. Halt. A very wet day indeed, but I went out with just one Bhutanese to carry the press, & went up the Chachhu La route to a very big lake about 15000'. We had a good day on the whole, & had I only been living up there, I believe we would have done really well. Saw masses of

SUMMARY:
Page lists botanical subjects and frames for black-and-white, Dufaycolour, and Kodachrome rolls, with dates in late June to early July. Notes include Primula, Meconopsis, Saxifraga and others, with locations such as P'tang, near Tolegang, and Burkhel (including a lake and telephoto views), plus a yakherd's hut.

CONTENT:
B. W. 9.

1. Primula umbratilis on cliff. 27/6.
2. Saxifraga with stolons 19270 2/7
3. Primula umbratilis. "
4. Meconopsis sinuata var. alpicola var. luna P'tang "
5. Meconopsis paniculata in mist. 3/7
6. Primula umbratilis pale 19332 & Saxifraga 19306 3/7
7. Primula waddellii. 19330 3/7
8. Androsace 19366 6/7
9. Potentilla curviseta? 19344 7/7
10. Primula jonardunii. 19378 "
11. Meconopsis simplicifolia lake. "
12. Primula hopeana by stream.

Dufaycolour 16.

1. Saxifraga with stolons 19270 2/7
2. Primula umbratilis. "
3. Meconopsis sinuata var. alpicola P'tang. "
   Slide No.
   (2) 4. Primula umbratilis pale 19332 & Saxifraga 19306 3/7
   (3) 5. Primula waddellii 19330 3/7
   (4) 6. Primula " " 3/7
   (5) 7. Androsace 19366 6/7
   (6) 8. Potentilla curviseta? 19344 7/7

Kodachrome 17
Salvia. 19125 28/6
Meconopsis paniculata & waterfall 1/7.
Rosa 19082 2/7
Saxifraga with stolons 19270 2/7
Meconopsis sinuata & Primula alpicola 2/7
close up.

Kodachrome 18
Primula hopeana near Tolegang 3/7
Primula umbratilis light form 19332 3/7
" " & Saxifraga 19306. 3/7
Androsace 19366 6/7
Yakherds hut surrounded by Primulas
Sikkim hopeana. Close up. Asters.
Pedicularis. 6/7.

Kodachrome 19
Potentilla curviseta 19344 7/7
Burkhel. Tele. "
Lake below Burkhel: "
Primula umbratilis against sun on cliff "
Primula jonardunii. 19378. "
Meconopsis simplicifolia & lake behind. "

SUMMARY:
At Dur Chutsen on the Mangde Chu, the diarist met Ludlow and identified his Meconopsis as Meconopsis sherriffii, noting abundant Androsace globifera. A letter reported Betty’s injury, requiring travel to Calcutta and forcing a return to Bumthang before proceeding to Ripong; the next day was a halt during which Dorong returned with a large haul, noted as more effective than Pasang and Gunden.

CONTENT:
so happy here, completely absent only a few miles away over the divide. The white Androsace globifera which grows in huge vertical clumps, which I've only seen once before, in the Chachhu Valley, was here in masses - for about 200-300'. But there's nothing else of much interest. An answer is in from Ludlow, so go down to meet him tomorrow at the hot springs, Dur Chutsen, which are right on the bank of the Mangde Chu, somewhere near where the map shows. Ludlow got a new Meconopsis, in masses, pink, one flowered very fine.

18th - Dur Chutsen 10800'. Got down at 9:00 am to meet Ludlow in a filthy camp, along a filthy path on a filthy day. But it was grand seeing him again, and his Meconopsis, which I see is Meconopsis sherriffii in a fine form. But then the blow fell. A letter came for Hicks and Betty, to say Betty had had a fall and was mildly concussed with a possible broken arm, must go to Calcutta. So all our plans, which we had just finished arranging in detail, have had to be altered. Now we must return to Bumthang at once, where Betty arrives on the 26th. We will reach there on the 25th and then go on with her to Ripong. I must return for the seed as soon as I can. And that is that. It is a big blow, but cannot be helped, and we must work out the best way of getting the most out of the country.

19th July Halt. Stayed in camp, except for short walks up muddy paths. It was interesting to see Dorong come in with his press full after 2 days out. He is worth 3 of Pasang and Gunden together of course. That is only natural. He has had years of training, and years on his own as well as with sahibs. He brought in a big haul of quite good

SUMMARY:
The writer reports finding a new lily and abundant Notholirion macrophyllum, and receives mail from Kalimpong with news that Branklyn is for sale and may be acquired. A letter from Taylor confirms P. umbratilis roots arrived safely and began to show growth after soaking. On 23rd July they marched to Dhur, noting an uninteresting, damp route where two rivers join.

CONTENT:
certainly all has passed their flower, the many plants with no flower, had it not been for these coincidences. It is a new lily: it must be, isolated like that in Cent. Bhutan. It is not a startling flower, rather tubular 2 1/2" long, a brownish red, one or in one case only, 2-flowered. A new lily is what we have wanted all these years, now we have it. Lower down Rhododendron camelliiflorum was common. R. keysii v. common. Buddleja colvilei was all over the place - a magnificent shrub. Then near camp we came across masses of Notholirion macrophyllum. I have never seen so much anywhere. To add to my excitement, a large mail came in from Kalimpong, & in it, the very exciting news that Branklyn is for sale, & we are likely to get it. That just capped the day for us. I have taken bulbs of the lily to send home. A letter from Taylor says that the dried roots of P. umbratilis have arrived safely. He gave one to be microscopically examined & he soaked one for a night - to find it already showing green next morning. Altogether a very fine day to remember. The valley we came down is one which would well repay a thorough search. I wish I had chosen it instead of the Bumthang Chu, but one can't tell from the mouth of the valley what it will be like.

23rd July. DHUR, about 4 miles. Mostly fine, but very damp, & rain after 2.0pm. An uninteresting march down a filthy path. We were right out of the interesting zone today. There are some flowers, but they are low altitude ones & common. Here two rivers join, the Dhur and another from the N-West, almost equal size. That valley might also prove a good one to work. The more I see now of the country, the more I wish I had come up this way instead of waiting.

SUMMARY:
At Haat on 14–15 August, the party finalizes plans for Betty to fly home via Gangtok, Kalimpong, and Calcutta to arrange housing, while noting property options near Inverness. They spend time fishing, with Tashi preferring bait, and receive strong local support arranged by Tobgye and help from Apa, though a missed mail causes concern. Tobgye reports that the treaty has been signed.

CONTENT:
with unlimited servants, who are mere dirt to him. What he needs certainly is to be taken away from all that kind of thing, and made to do something, and think for himself a bit. He knows nothing of this country at all, and seems to care less.

14th and 15th August. Haat. Tobgye has sent orders here that everything is to be done for us, everything produced free and any wishes we have fulfilled. Apa has been very good and useful. We have got our plans now fixed at last, after a small mail came in from Kalimpong. We suddenly decided that Betty should fly home as soon as she can — on Sept 2nd if that can be arranged. She can do more that way than by remaining in India, with no home. She will get good treatment and she will be able to see about a house for us at home. Brarich is only offered at too high a price but there is another very attractive sounding place near Inverness which she can see. So now Betty leaves tomorrow, reaches Gangtok and Kalimpong on 21st and Calcutta on 26th. She'll have a few days there to do all we have all asked her to do, and off on 2nd Sept or as soon as possible after. We've been out fishing each day for a few hours. I've never seen so many trout, though I was unable to catch any big ones. None were feeding much, though they came to the fly alright. In the first 10 minutes, I had caught over 30, so it was really not much fun. There were too many. Twice I had 3 on at once. Tashi has no idea of fishing. He prefers standing in one place with bait and dangling his line trying to get big ones. His servants hold his rod and catch them too.

We have missed at least one mail while coming here, and this has been somewhat worrying, as there have been important letters in it. I thought that it would have been returned by H.H. but it has not been. Tobgye tells us that the Treaty has been signed at last. He must be very relieved indeed, and he

SUMMARY:
The diarist parts from Betty in heavy rain and reaches Ha after a fast five-hour journey, then halts there with very wet conditions from 18–20 August, attempting fishing with limited success and noting few flowers at this altitude. Letters mention Betty’s route toward Bumthang, Changu, Karponang, and Kalimpong, and the diarist suspects H.H. has held back missing mail.

CONTENT:
Cyananthus lobatus is in full flower too, and several Saxifrages and even Primula pusilla. When we left each other at 10:30, Betty to go on to India, or to return to Bumthang, the rain came down in solid sheets. With me it continued till after I reached Ha, which took 5 hours going fast. It was very sad leaving Betty, and I know she felt it very much not being able to finish her trip right in the seed collecting. She will have a very busy 2 1/2 months now till she flies back at the end of October—just as busy as we will have here I think.

18-19-20 August. Halt. Ha. All days very wet, either here or up the valley, or everywhere. River very full indeed, fuller than any high water marks on 18th and much discoloured. I tried fishing but could touch nothing at all that day. Other days fishing fair, but I have seen no fish over 1 1/2 lb, except on 19th one of perhaps 2 1/2 lb came to my fly—the only big fish seen. Ludlow would have called that a small fish in May. It seems that the time for fishing here is certainly not in the wettest part of the monsoon. Probably the best months are April, May, June and September. Got a letter back from Betty to say she reached Bumthang all right, but obviously very wet. She will now be on her way from Changu to Karponang, and in Kalimpong tomorrow, all being well. It has been very nice here, but one wants someone else to enjoy the place with. There are few flowers left at this altitude now, and so little interest except fishing. No news still of the missing mail. I think H.H. must have kept it till I return. Had a letter from him, but no mention of the mail in it.

SUMMARY:
On 21 August the diarist left Paro in heavy rain, reached Gorena, met repeatedly with Tasho, the Tongsa Zimpon, other Zimpons, and a Lama Delegate, dealt with a bath mix-up, and recovered delayed mail, sending Betty’s letters by express to Kalimpong before her trip to Calcutta. They noted no specimens of Paeonia suffruticosa from Gorena down, suspecting loss to fires or cultivation at Gorena Monastery. On 22 August at Pyimitangka, Tasho joined an early breakfast that proved poor due to a new cook, with weather still wet and misty.

CONTENT:
21 August. Paro. A dreadful day of rain again. We left in heavy rain at 6.0; it continued heavy till 12.0 when we reached Gorena. At 1.0 we got in, to be met by Tasho. Last night after I had been in bed for over 2 hours, the Tongsa Zimpon was announced. We had a cheerful talk for an hour before he left. I thought that politeness itself on both our parts, and said goodbye to him. But just as I was ready, at 5.15 next morning, to start off, the 2 Zimpons and Lama Delegate rolled up, and again we talked for an hour. In Paro, I stayed in the same place, and this time was again offered a bath. I said, knowing the house before, that I would not have one, and sat down to tea. Half an hour later the Ha Zimpon said, "I'll leave you now to have your bath." Water had been in all the time. Nothing else exciting happened until it was dark, when the mails which had been lost came in. Tasho said he was sending an 'express man' to Kalimpong who would be there in 4 days. So I hurriedly packed up Betty's letters and sent them off. She will get them before going to Calcutta. It was all an awful rush in Paro. I had ample time there, but I was not left alone for more than 10 minutes till Tasho left at 7.45 pm. Otherwise I could have gone through Betty's letters to see if anything needed an answer or not. Got nothing special on the way, and could see no sign of Paeonia suffruticosa which B.S. asked for from Gorena down. Either it has gone due to fires, or it was grown at Gorena Monastery—cultivated—or something like that.

22nd August. Pyimitangka. Again wet and misty, but not so bad. Tasho came to breakfast at 5.15, and her new cook did not excel. He produced an omelette each in a plate each and a spoon each. Nothing else at all. Gradually salt and other things materialised. No milk or sugar. Rather a failure. We left just...

SUMMARY:
Mail arrived with letters up to 6 August and a note from Betty at Changu; Danang departed with Pompoli and Tundru. At Tashiling the path to Chendesi was badly damaged, a pony fell through a weakened bridge and could not be rescued, and after storms the huts were preferred except for filthy Tsalimape; on hearing H.H. had gone back to Bumthang they planned to go straight through. Reaching Tongsa, the heaviest rains continued and people in Trongsa Dz. reported considerable recent damage.

CONTENT:
Described as being carried in a dhooley by 4 men. That is very sad, & Ludlow will miss him very much indeed. A small mail came in last night, with letters of up to 6 August from home - very quick - & a note from Betty from Changu. I heard later that with Danang went Pompoli & Tundru.

29th August. Tashiling. Yesterday the path to Chendesi showed signs of wear. There were 6-7 baddish breaks, but today there were 15-20 & some were big affairs. Some have only come down 2-3 days ago. Just before we reached a bridge whose sides have been scoured out a bit, a man crossed with 3 ponies. 2 got across, & the 3rd broke one of the long tree planks & fell through into a chasm below. How the pony squeezed through the breadth of only one plank, I don't know. We helped for over an hour, but could do nothing, & had to leave. I fear the pony will be dead before help we sent for here reaches it. I would have ridden over that bridge five minutes later, & it certainly would have given way with me on. So I consider myself lucky today. It has just kept fine once more today. I expected a sparkling day because about 1.0 last night there was a thunderstorm & very heavy rain, which came in through the roof & soaked us all. If there were decent places for tents, I wouldn't dream of occupying these huts. Chendesi & Tashiling huts are, at any rate, clean & bugless. Tsalimape is the filthy place. Heard last night that H.H. has gone back to Bumthang, so we will go straight through too.

30th August. Tongsa. A dreadful day of the heaviest rain yet seen. Again the path was washed away in many places. In Trongsa Dz. they said considerable damage had been done by the rain in the last 7-9 days. That was when H.H.

SUMMARY:
The diarist manages specimens and arranges penicillin injections for Danang in hospital, while noting a letter from Ludlow via Yundu confirming successful plant finds. Plans are made for travel to meet Ludlow at Pasu Sefu and for Pasang and Mundrup to collect primulas via Tumle La, Tongsa, Chendesi, and Ritang, with mention of a hoped-for bridge over the Tang Chu.

CONTENT:
I've a lot to do, with photos and dry flowers. Danang is here in hospital. He seems better, but I have not yet seen him. I hope he will come tomorrow, as I have asked the doctor to come too, and will start 4 hourly injections. I have only 10 doses I can give him, and hope that will do the trick. Ludlow sent a letter with Yundu, and a small press of flowers. He has found every one of the wanted plants - P. umbratilis alba, P. tsariensis, P. tsariensis alba, P. uniflora, Lychnis Wardii, P. strumosa and fine forms of Meconopsis horridula. Yundu has marked all the plants too, and I hope will be able to get them all in October. If so, that little trip will have been very worth while.

2nd September. Haat. Mostly fine in the valley, with a heavy shower or two. I got Danang along here this morning. There is no doubt he is better than he was. But I am sure that penicillin must be the thing to give him, as I have 10 injections, we have started at 12 today. He must take a chance after this, as I must go off on 5th. He and Sompoli must go off on 10th at latest to catch Ludlow at Pasu Sefu. If he can't go by then, he must join me or go back to Kalimpong by himself. The valley here is very pretty now, with the beautiful pink fields of buckwheat scattered over the valley bottom, and in places along the sides too. I don't remember noticing this so much before. HH seems to think that he will have some kind of bridge made over the Tang Chu before very long - in a month he suggests. I do hope so, as it will save us a long chukker again. I have tried to work out how long it will take Pasang and Mundrup to get the two primulas on the Tumle La, then to Tongsa and then to collect all plants from Ludlow's area. I think it will take 6 days from Chendesi to Ritang or back to Chendesi, and altogether from here 11 days, which will take 4 to Chendesi or 5 to Ritang. So if we start on 15th we will reach Ritang on 19th, and Pasang must start on 9th to reach Ritang or Chendesi on the 19th.