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SUMMARY:
Diary notes describe travel from Gyisum toward Loroto with weather, altitude, and temperature observations, and mention of hail, frozen streams, and available fuel. Wildlife notes include an owl (Athene noctua ludlowi), gazelle encountered but not shot, and a blackbird taken, along with hunting attempts by Lumsden and a humorous note about Ludlow’s frozen dentures.

CONTENT:
Owl - Athene noctua ludlowi
be probably little owls Got no specimen near Tsora

16th shot a small owl - ludlowi. Very cold at night sparklingly clear.

17th April. Gyisum. 6 m. B.P. 185.2 Temp. 54° Time 12.30 pm. Approx. ht. 15264'.
We left at 8.0 am in perfect weather with no sign of a cloud, which however came up two hours later with the wind. Lumsden again tried after bharal & missed. I got up to within 50-60 yds of 3 gazelle, but did not shoot. Road leads up main stream for 2 miles, then branches off up the more Eastern of the two streams, climbing very gradually the whole way. There are 2 houses here, which may supply some wood. Gobar available. Not such a cold day, owing to the clouds. I shot one blackbird today, a ♂. The temp. last night must have been down to about 10°F. Even the river was partly frozen, & all streams were frozen over. Ludlow is distressed because he has to keep his teeth in. If he puts them in a cup, they are frozen in solid in the morning - rather a problem.

18th. Loroto 7 m. B.P. 187° Temp. 46° Time 1.0 pm. Approx ht. 13984'. A fine morning again, but hazy, & clouds in the afternoon when we had some hail here. Road continues up the

SUMMARY:
Observations note a steep-sided Nyam Jang Chu valley with villages high above the river, abundant Primula denticulata, and few other flowers. On 24 March a halt at Gyipu included a jungle walk with Magnolia campbellii and rhododendron seen, and on 25 March the party marched to Shakti over ridges with scarce flowers but plentiful Lilium giganteum in damp places.

CONTENT:
3 or 4 ft. of snow on it. Primula denticulata is very common here again. I can't see much else, but in the jungle some way away there are flowering trees. The Nyam Jang Chu valley is very steep sided. Villages here are numerous & fairly big, all situated 2000 ft above the river. Hence the reason for going up & down all the time.

24th March. Halt Gyipu. A lovely morning, with no clouds, but by 2.0pm, it was clouded over. No rain here, but some up the valley. I went up through the jungle, but saw nothing but a primula not in flower, a lot of Magnolia Campbellii & a Rhododendron. The main valley is precipitous most of the way up as far as we can see.

Prim. denticulata? is everywhere, as at Takhtoo.

25th March. To SHAKTI. BP. 199.9 Temp 58° 5.5pm Approx ht. 6790 ft.

The usual march, round a few ridges, down 1500 ft & up about the same again, across a side valley etc. There is not much difference in this place & in Gyipu. Flowers are few & far between. I have never seen so many Lilium giganteum as there are in nearly all damp places, both

SUMMARY:
Travel from Gyetsa to Bumthang in rainy, misty weather with few notable plants collected and leeches troublesome. The diarist meets HH, discussing his health, former drinking, and his visit to holy water near Kurjey monastery; news includes Kapshopa Shape being locked up (said to be in Netang/Nechung) and reported trouble between the DL and the Tibetan Government. Dansey passes through the area and Dorji Llowden is expected shortly.

CONTENT:
was here. We got a few flowers again today, including a rather striking creeper 19664 which I don't ever remember having seen before. Leeches pretty bad. Dansey & Co passed through here rumoured to be in Bumthang today, I'm told.

31st August. Gyetsa. Heavy rain all night, but clearing up soon after we left. Mist much like the Yuto La, and then pretty clear and bright. Nothing of interest anywhere on the way. Here the country looks very pretty indeed, with the patches of bright pink here and there of the buckwheat crops.

1st September. Bumthang. Wet night, but just fine till we got here when there was quite a lot of sun. I sent a letter to HH to ask if I could come to see him today or tomorrow. He sent round to say he was coming today at 12.0 and he came. We had a pleasant talk, with the ever present difficulty of Urdu and Hindi. He seems in good form, but had again had a giddy fit on the way to Tongsa. I asked him today if he drank much, and he gave the answer "Not now. I used to when worried and depressed, but have given it up." He was quite frank about it, and I am sure truthful. HH was on his way to have a bathe in some very holy water just beyond Kurjey monastery which is supposed to be very good for one. Khampas take a lot of the water away with them when on pilgrimage from Kham. HH told me that Kapshopa Shape was very safely locked up. He said in Netang. I wonder if he means Nechung. He is said to be shut up in a small place where there is little more than room for himself. He also said there was some trouble between the DL and the Tib. Government. I should think that Kapshopa is at the bottom of it all. What surprises me is that they all seem surprised that Kapshopa should be locked up. A more patently crooked man it would be hard to find, always too nicely spoken. Dorji Llowden is coming the day after tomorrow. I'm glad to have tomorrow free as

SUMMARY:
The page contains the words 'Gyelma' and 'Drukpa' with no additional context.

CONTENT:
Gyelma.
Drukpa

SUMMARY:
Field notes from Gyechar describe an early start aided by two of H.H.'s men and an ascent to Tunk La, with observations of primulas (including P. bracteosa, P. gracilipes, and P. whitei) and changing vegetation with altitude. Weather was fine to cloudy with mist at night, elevations ranged from about 9525' to ~12900', and magpies were seen in the evening.

CONTENT:
which were not in flower. Magnolia campbellii (18648) was a very fine sight indeed, in full bloom, very common. Of primulas we found P. bracteosa (18644) almost over, another I don't think I have seen before, perhaps P. listeri (18669). It is really lovely to get away on the job again. We had a fine day with interesting flowers on the whole. Fine, clouding later, mist at night.

10th April. Gyechar. 10 miles. 195.4. 64°. 2.0 pm. 9525'. There was some rain at night, the day was cloudy with bright intervals. We were very early up & off by 5.45 which was good for our young team. Having two of H.H.'s men helps a great deal. They are good & what's more they are prepared to work. P. bracteosa was very common on the way up, & I took it again in better flower 18675. While taking it, I saw growing with it P. gracilipes 18673, which was very pretty there. P. bracteosa gives place to P. gracilipes above 11500'. Later on, further up, we came across P. whitei 18676, and was common up to the top & much further down this side. I must say I think it one of the best primulas there is. It was markedly short of the usual farina, in fact showed none of the copious farina so usual until we found some quite low down on this side. The path up & down is quite good, & the Tunk La is about 12900' (BP 189.3. 58°. 9.30 am). We made it 5 miles up & 5 down, the east side being easier on the whole. Vegetation changes rapidly. Rhododendron species predominate at the top, & give way suddenly to Tsuga, Picea & Pinus excelsa, the last of which continue down here. I saw two pairs of magpies here this evening, as I've seen them

SUMMARY:
Diary notes describe arrival at Gyantse after storms, a visit to Tering Raja, meeting Worth and Rajput officers, and mail issues, with B.31 sent to Calcutta on 21 September 1937. Subsequent days in Gyantse included social calls on the Kengchung, a good lunch, and tennis with Worth, Henlin, and Capel, with observations of local crops and a parnassius butterfly.

CONTENT:
99
barley & mustard crops - & peas
the barley being again nearly ripe. There are also peas. Saw nothing very interesting in the way of birds, but saw one parnassius. It was too lively & we failed to catch it.

17th September. GYANTSE. 16 miles. 13000'. Very heavy
B. 31. thunderstorm with hail all night & a lot of snow on the
Leaving camp ground when we left, very late, at 9.0 am. On our
at Gobshi. way in it was showery & we got rather soaked
once. Called in to see Tering Raja, the rightful ruler
of Sikkim, now banished here - a most delightful man.
Found Worth & two officers of Rajputs here - all very
kind. Also a really fine mail, but some of our
letters must have gone astray, as we miss some
parcels which must have reached here had our
letters not been lost.

B 31 sent from Gyantse 21.9.37 to Calcutta

Sept 19 - we at Gyantse
B. 31. finished 24th Sept. Gyantse. Last day in Gyantse. We could very
Chang girls well have done with less than a week here, as there has
in Gyantse: not been very much of interest to do. We called on the
view of Gyantse Kengchung & another day had lunch with him. He is
Dzong & country a cheery soul living in a monastery, but living better
round about. than one expects a monk to. He gave a most
B. 32. excellent meal - not too long with nothing forced on
Monastery Gyantse. his guests. Also played pretty bad tennis twice
Tibetan women. with Worth & Henlin & Capel. It was nice to have

SUMMARY:
Travel from Gyantse to Dochen via Phari and Tuna with notes on weather, flowering plants, and limited seed collecting. Transport disputes with local headmen lead to a bribe; Pangdatshang intervenes, the party meets Dorje Tsering, exchanges currency, attempts wildfowl hunting, and receives letters of introduction from Tsarong.

CONTENT:
21st October. Gyantse. Very fine day after three days of heavy rain. We are not taking any specimens yet, but only a few seeds here & there. Today there were several fine clumps of Gentiana amoena in full bloom. Besides these there are many of a sp. of small blue Swertia, some Asters, Cyananthus lobatus, the usual odd blooms of Rhod. cinnabarinum which always appear in October. The Headmen of Yatung lived up to their reputation. They will not supply transport at the rates laid down. We have transport from Kalimpong to Gyantse, & yesterday the headmen tried to stop it going beyond Yatung. However Pangdatshang ordered them to let us go without hindrance.

22 October. Phari. Very cold in the morning, with thin clouds. Cleared up later and was lovely. Met by Dorje Tsering this time. Exchanged rupees at 3.35 sangs per rupee. The only seeds collected were P. bellidifolia. I could not find P. tenella under the snow.

23rd October. Tuna. A clear but very cold day indeed until we reached Shabra Shubra, about 12.15. As usual we could not get off to time, even though we had our own through transport. Last night the Phari headmen demanded a bribe. We could take our own transport if we liked, they said: if we did then they would of course not supply any other sahibs. Rs 20 bribe paid that night. Saw no gazelle or game of any kind.

24 October. Dochen. Fine still. Went after duck & geese in the afternoon. Have seen but we could get near nothing. Got a large letter from Tsarong enclosing several letters to people on our way. These should be very useful later on. All are in Tibetan, so we have not been able to see yet who they are addressed to.

SUMMARY:
Records transport hire rates and payments for donkeys and ponies between Gyantse and points along the route, including a Rs 70 bribe to the Gyantse headman reportedly instigated by Samdup’s statement about rates. Notes exchanging Rs 10,000 through Sadutshang in Gyantse for 33,000 sangs tied to cotton cloth sales in Lhasa, and mentions seed collection.

CONTENT:
5

Paid from Gyantse at the rate of 6 sangs per pony - riding or pack, and 3 sangs per donkey. Our transport requirements were approx. 36 donkeys & 24 ponies or mules.

Changed Rs 10000/- through Sadutshang in Gyantse for 33,000 sangs all in 100 sang notes. This was in exchange for Rs 10000/- I paid Sadutshang's friends to buy cotton cloth to sell at Lhasa on my behalf. The cloth has not yet been sold. When it is, I expect to have a further sum paid to me, representing 50% of the profit due.

Pd. Gyantse to Nangartse sangs 738 for 36 donkeys & 23 ponies. We also had to pay Rs 70 bribe to the headman at Gyantse, whom Samdup had apparently told that our lamyig mentioned sangs 12 & 6 as the rate to be paid.

At Gobshi paid sangs 20

• Nangartse " " 30

Nangartse to Pede paid sangs 378 for 1 1/2 days march.
At Khamba Trombo pd " 213 - 1 - - Tramalung to K. Trombo.
Paid for kowas sangs 35 each from K. Trombo to Gongkar Dz.

Seed collected of In

SUMMARY:
The party halts in Gyantse amid bad weather, attends meals with local contacts, handles repairs and correspondence, and exchanges currency; they hear by wireless that Germany has invaded Austria. They then march to Gabshi, Ralung, and Nangartse with cold, snowy conditions over the Karo La, noting altitudes, distances, and a tidy visit to Williamson’s grave.

CONTENT:
genuine.

8th - 13th March. Halted in Gyantse. Rotten weather all week, with a gale of wind during the day, which raises a dust storm. We have seen a good deal of Tendong, who has been most helpful, getting us little concessions which make all the difference to our comfort ahead. Repairing shoes, kit and dealing with correspondence. On 13th March we heard on our wireless that Germany had invaded Austria - Lhasa !!

14th March. To Gabshi. 16 miles. alt. 13,700' approx. A fine morning, after two bad days in Gyantse when it snowed on all the hills round about. We stopped at Tering's house and had lunch and a good long talk. They are a nice family. Only the old pair, and Jimmie and his wife were there. When we came out, the day was rotten, very cold, clouded over, and remained so all day. Tents are cold but not too bad, as here the wind is not high. We are all very glad to get away from Gyantse, though everyone was very pleasant there. We all dined together on the 8th, and all lunched together at Tendong's on the 10th. Then we had Sunday supper again in the Mess our last evening. Richardson was most helpful and seems a nice man. The Doctor, Morgan, is more independent than any of the others, and we both liked him, as also Colbourne Hudson, the two B.O.'s. We changed Rs 4000/- into the new silver Tibetan rupee, at the rate of Rs 300/- = T.Rs 500/-. That added considerably to the weight of our kit, but it was better than changing to copper, where Rs 200/- would be a mule load. I saw the graveyard one day, just to have a look at Williamson's grave. It is all very tidy and neat.

15th March. To Ralung. 16 miles. alt. 14,300 ft approx. Pretty cold last night, though not windy. This morning was lovely, with very little wind as far as Ralung, by which time it had clouded over. We could see Ningsingkangsa, but only in a very flat light. Nothing of interest seen in bird line. We are living in a 'house' here. It is not clean, but not bad as they go, only a little draughty. Tomorrow with 32 miles to go, we must be up early.

16th March. To Nangartse. 32 miles. Snowed most of the night. Two inches lying, till well over the Karo La. Left at 6.0 am - without shaving - in at 5.0 pm. Kit in at 5.30 pm. In spite of the hard night, it was a lovely day, the sun coming out at 7.0 am and remaining bright all day.