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SUMMARY:
Notes of Heteroxenicus stellatus south of Changla at about 14,500 ft, described as tame and alone. Many Grandala were also seen in the same area.

CONTENT:
Heteroxenicus stellatus S of Changla at
about 14500. Tame. Alone.
A good many Grandala seen S of Changla. 14500'.

SUMMARY:
A difficult day of botanical collecting in continuous rain and fresh snow near the passes of Tahar La and Shang La, noting a white Primula (P. sikkimensis subpinnatifida, 2382) and a small pale blue-violet Meconopsis (M. venusta, 2384). The diarist describes arduous climbs, encounters with friendly Lopa men and women—one group turning back at camp—and even a skeleton seen along the route.

CONTENT:
129

bog one which is probably hard to grow. A white Primula
appeared rather different to a similar one taken on the
P. sikkimensis subpinnatifida 2382
Tahar La, so I collected it too, 2382. Probably the most
Meconopsis venusta 2384
interesting specimen taken was the Meconopsis 2384. It is
small, the flowers not very noticeable, but a delicate
shade of pale blue violet, with basal and cauline leaves much
cut. On the whole a good day, but beastly for
collecting, and the long climb back to camp, up and down,
up and down again very hard work. I should like to have
camped beyond the Shang La, and got away down the
valley to the R. There should be good stuff down there.
Passed another bunch of Lopa men and women. All seem
perfectly friendly. How they manage these passes I don't
know. They wear next to nothing, and that barely comes
low enough to be decent. One returning bunch this
morning reached our camp, then gave up, seeing all
the fresh snow. I don't blame them. Later on when more
snow comes, I'm told many are killed on this route, and
we came across a skeleton Lopa today. It still rains,
and there seems no reason why it should ever stop.

SUMMARY:
Notes by Ludlow at Pa La near Kyim Dzong listing plant taxa, including Pedicularis megalochila f. rhodantha, Primula chamaethauma, Gentiana phyllocalyx, and Cyananthus nervosa, with associated numbers.

CONTENT:
Ludlow at Pa La, Kyim Dzong.
18/VII
P. macrophylla 1917
" yangongensis 1918 =
" flexuosa xanthina 1922
Gen phyllocalyx 1919
" nantaensis f. caulescens 1920

Ludlow at Pa La near Kyim Dzong
Pedicularis megalochila f. rhodantha 1923
Primula chamaethauma 1924 Cawdoriana 1928
Gentiana phyllocalyx 1926
Cyananthus nervosa 1927

SUMMARY:
Two halt days at Kashong La with short excursions up and down the valleys yielded several plant collections, including Cyananthus, Pedicularis, Gentiana, Lonicera, Primula, Delphinium, Saxifraga, and others. The diarist marked plants for seed, shot two wrens at 15,000 feet, and noted sightings of blood pheasant and musk deer; Primula Cawdoriana was abundant on nearby cliffs.

CONTENT:
130

Kashong La - Sherriff

18th July, Halt. A reasonably fine day, with a little sun now & then, and much rain here. Only went up the valley towards the pass, but came across one or two interesting things.

Cyananthus Sherriffii 2390
Ped. schizanthoides 2389
" Bella 2391
G. przewalskii 2386
taylorii 239

A Cyananthus (lobatus?) 2390, a small pure white Pedicularis 2389, & a gentian 2386, which I think is G. nubigena. There was very little in flower, but I have marked off some coming over for seed. Shot two wrens, at 15,000' among large boulders, farther down.

19th July, Halt. Kashong La - Sherriff. Fine for an hour or two in the morning & a little in the evening. Went down the valley to the west, then up the other side, over the top & round right handed.

Lonicera myrtillus 2393
Gentiana taylorii 2392
Gent. coerulea aglaia 2401
Pr. morsheadiana 2396
" muscoides 2399
Pedicularis macrosiphon 2407, Ped. elwesii var. major 2403,
Delphin. beesianum 2400
Cyananthus Sherriffii 2402
Sax. drapana 2398
P. Cawdoriana

A fairly good day. Found a primula like sikkimensis, but much smaller 2396. I doubt if it will be more than a variety, though it looks rather different. Further up a delphinium, the first we have seen - 2400 - one I have not collected before. Another rather smaller cyananthus 2402 & a few other pedicularis & odd things. Did not take a gun with me, saw blood pheasant, & three musk deer. Prim Cawdoriana is very common on the cliffs of the nala across the valley from camp, all in full bloom.

SUMMARY:
Notes on rubythroats at camp and the yak man's account of 'Kuling' birds and their habitat, with mention that blood pheasants are present though not seen. Entries for July 20 and 21 record Ludlow in Paka Valley near Kyim Dzong with plant taxa and brief faunal observations, and a note referencing a description of the journey to Kyimdong Dzong.

CONTENT:
Rubythroats at camp.

'Kuling' are fairly common here, according to the yak man. He describes them as quite different to 'Lading' & 'Kongmo', mentioning the brown colour, & that their habitat is not the hill tops, but the extreme edge of the rhododendrons & the bare hillside. They come up to his yak clearing in the early mornings sometimes. He has not seen blood pheasant, but I know they are here.

July 20 - Ludlow in Paka Valley
near Kyim Dzong.
Cyananthus sherriffii 1939.
Rhod. bella var. holophylla 1930.
Aconitum tangense 1931

P. erythraca very common along the hillside 1500' above the river. Aegithaliscus also.

L. 155. food description of journey to Kyimdong Dzong.

21 July - Ludlow in Paka Valley
near Kyim Dzong.
Salvia castanea 1932
Dracocephalum hemsleyanum 1936, 1934.
Codonopsis mollis 1935

SUMMARY:
Notes common primula, iris, and emerging gentians, with a few Parnassius butterflies at camp; praises local butter and mentions a local man paid in food and clothing who sells to buy an ornament for his wife. Sends for coolies to leave for Changu on the 21st; on 21 July at Drötang (11700') reports mist then sun near Karutra, parched conditions, no pheasants or larks, and shooting a rubythroat while declining to skin an aegithaliscus.

CONTENT:
The little Tama La-Tahtsang primula is also common, nearly always coloured violet, instead of the usual white seen elsewhere. Iris also fairly common near snow. Gentians are all coming on, but few fully out yet. Got a few more parnassius at camp, but nothing new amongst them. I have sent for the coolies to come tomorrow evening, will leave for Changu on the 21st. I think there is more to be had here, either down the other side of the Chayha, or later on when gentians are in full swing. The local butter is very good, much better than can be had at Sanga Choling. This man gets no pay, but food & clothing. However he is very willing to sell, to get a rupee for an ornament for his wife.

21st. July. Drötang. 11700'. 6 m. Thick mist up the hill, till half way below Karutra, then bright sun. Obviously there has not been much in the way of rain down here, things still look pretty parched. Came across no pheasant or larking. Shot one ruby throat at camp - Bunged for an aegithaliscus down here, which I am not going to skin. Pretty hot down here after last camp, where there

SUMMARY:
Brief notes list several localities with associated plant records (including Adenophora liliifolia, Codonopsis viridiflora, and Ceratostigma minus) dated 1937, 1938, and 1940. Mentions Ludlow at Kyim Dzong, notes that Gyandro abounds on the hillside, and records an observation of two ravens.

CONTENT:
22 Trun. Ludlow at Kyim Dzong
23 Kap. Adenophora liliifolia 1937
24 Chaqul Codonopsis viridiflora 1938
25 - Ceratostigma minus 1940 -
26 Gyandro abounds on hillside.
27 Kyuphu
28 Charme
29 S. Chöling

2 Ravens.

SUMMARY:
In camp above Trün after a misty morning, the diarist notes finding Gentiana waltonii, a Ceratostigma (possibly the same as at Lhakhang in 1933), Codonopsis convolvulacea, Delphinium gyalanum, and Briggsia aurantiaca, and mentions sending old seeds to Edinburgh. Traveling by the high road from Drotang to Trün through forest, they encountered about 15 Lopas who inspected the diarist’s gun with interest.

CONTENT:

200. Natrampa
     Pedicularis corydaloides 2408. Allium prattii 2409. Cornus macrophylla 2410.
     Quercus semicarpifolia 2411. Dryopteris xanthopennata 2412. Polystichum wilsonii 2413.
     Leucosceptrum clarkei 2414.

was almost always a wind with the mist or rain.

22nd July. In camp above Trün. 6 miles. 10500'. Another lovely day,
but misty all up the valley in the early morning till about
8.0 am. I came across three things I have been looking
for today. First the gentian which was seen on the dry,
(but south) side of the river on our way down in May. It is
Gentiana waltonii 2416
now just coming into flower, and a fine sight 2416. I
sent a few of last year's old seeds to Edinburgh before, under
Ceratostigma minus 2422
no number. Then I found a little Ceratostigma 2422,
just coming into bloom. I hope it is the same as the
Codonopsis convolvulacea 2423
one we got at Lhakhang in 1933, a new sp. And 2423
Delphinium gyalanum 2421.
Briggsia aurantiaca 2420
the same creeper (vinca blue) which we got quite near
the Ceratostigma at Lhakhang, a beautiful flower,
but only just coming out. I took the high road
this time from Drotang to Trün, and it is very much
pleasanter than the riverside path, easier, more level,
and through forest for most of the way. We passed a
body of about 15 Lopas, both men and women, and had quite
good fun with them. I took some photos of them, and
then they inspected my gun with much interest, and

SUMMARY:
Brief note referencing a good description of the journey from L. to Nge (on the Tsangpo), with a citation to page 23, B7.

CONTENT:
L. to Nge (on the Tsangpo) p. 23. B7.
good description of journey.

SUMMARY:
The party interacted amicably with locals handling poisoned arrows, with Tsongpen’s umbrella causing amusement. Notes include a dog-bite remedy using burnt dog hairs, paying off coolies, headmen assisting with a letter to Ludlow bound for S. Chumbi, and Tsongpen’s plan to cross the Drokung La. On 23 July at Kap it rained, and a new but unstable bridge was seen at Trim, with Ceratostigma common along the valley.

CONTENT:
we looked at their bows & arrows. Tenduk nearly touched
an arrow, but was hurriedly stopped by the Lopa. Of course
they are all poisoned arrows. Tsongpen had his umbrella
which caused great amusement, & they all wanted to
put it up, & they danced about with it. They seemed very
friendly, & did not even ask for anything. I hear the
woman who had her leg bitten by a dog is getting on,
but her leg is swollen & sore. Tenduk says that in
the they put some of the dog's hairs, burnt, in the
wound, & it does a great deal of good. Paid off all
coolies, but they come on tomorrow. The two headmen
have been very helpful indeed. One goes on to S. Chumbi
with a letter to Ludlow. Tsongpen will go from here over
the Drokung La.

23rd July. Kap. 8 m. 11000'. Rained last night & up to
10.0 this morning, but only a light rain. A little rain
at Kap in the evening. A bigger but extremely wobbly
bridge has been built at Trim close to where the old one
was. I doubt if it will last the summer. There is a good
deal of Ceratostigma all the way up the valley, mostly on