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SUMMARY:
The party halts for several days in a valley on the right bank of the river, noting delayed flowering compared to Tongkyuk and recalling the 1933 flood from a lake on the Munkhu Phu Chu. They describe routes toward Munkhu La and Yigong, observe various birds, and report activities including Akong collecting specimens, Tsongpen traveling to Sobhe La to repair a thermograph, and Bill ascending above camp but finding little in flower.

CONTENT:
the R. bank of the river.

25th March. Halt. There is obviously not much to be found here yet. Everything is a good deal behind Tongkyuk — the pink rhodo, for instance, is only in bud still. This is the valley down which the flood of 1933 came. There was at the time a big lake about 1 1/2 days journey up this valley, which is called the Munkhu Phu Chu. The dam of this gave way forming the flood. Now the lake is still about 3 miles long. Beyond this village — really 2 villages, with cultivation on both sides of the river, there are only 2 more houses further up the valley. There is a path leads up the valley for 3 more days to the Munkhu la, over that to the Yigong at Parka or Parke, which can be reached on the 4th day. Today we saw Crossoptilon, kuling & tragopan all close together. Blood pheasant are also here, but no snowcock. I saw a large flock of Grandala. Akong came in with two specimens only, having been out from 7.0 am till 6.0 pm.

26th March Halt. Tsongpen went off up the Sobhe la today to try to put the thermograph in order. Betty & Akong up a side valley. Rain heavy last night.

27th March. Halt. Bill went up direct above camp for about 2000 ft, but saw nothing in flower except a few P. Winteri & rh. rhodentata. We saw some more rhodos though — a Thomsonii series & R. lanatum or something of the kind, rh. lepidotum. P. Jaffreyana, just beginning to shoot, is common on cliff ledges. We put up kuling, tragopan, crossoptilon. Tsongpen returned from the Sobhe la, she tells the same story. There is nothing in flower. Even P. Winteri is in the same state now as it was on Dec 31st — not in flower yet. He went up to the thermograph & put right what had been wrong. It is a great pity that the red pen was disarranged by the lama almost at once. Tsongpen reported that there was 1 to 1 1/2 ft of snow at the machine. When he put the red pen right, he said it read at the bottom of the scale — 20°F or below. That is interesting, & the last month may be interesting yet, with the two thermometers in action again.

28-29-30th March. Halt. Mail came in on 28th, somewhat to our surprise. Rhodo had not

SUMMARY:
Notes list Primula specimens (including P. winteri, P. jaffreyana, P. atrodentata) and Rhododendron series, with observations on flowering and leaf characters. Kodachrome entries mention willow catkins at Lomo (same as Lusong willow), peaches at Tongkyuk and Tongkyuk Dzong, quince, and Rhododendron in snow at Lumang. Several entries are dated in late March and April.

CONTENT:
78

12311. P. Winteri. See No 12052 taken same spot. Still not in flower. More particularly the great amount of farina on these plants which are not yet in flower, compared with specimens in full flower under other numbers.
12312. P. Jaffreyana not in flower.
       12317 P. atrodentata.
       12319 P. Winteri - note crenulation of leaves, and length of scape.
       12320 P. aff. chungensis not in flower.

Kodachrome 18
Willow catkins Lomo 31/3. Same as Lusong willow.
Rhod. pink = No. 12313 "
Piptanthus sp -
Yellow flowered tree - 12321 peach blossom behind.
Peaches at Tongkyuk 7/4.

No 19.
Rhododendron virgatum ser. No. 12326 5/4
Tongkyuk Dzong peach blossom. "
Prim. atrodentata. "
Rhod. ? Thomsonii ser. 12313. "

No 20.
T. Henrici on Rhod. 12313. ② Rhod. 12313 close up. ③ Rhod. 12329.
Quince 11/4. Rhod 12375 11/4 Fine specimen of Rhod 12313 in snow Lumang. 12/4 //

SUMMARY:
Heavy spring rain at Tongkyun with peach blossom in Pasha; several halt days used to repack for a two‑month return journey while letters were exchanged rapidly with Ludlow via Dzeng. Tsungpen and Akong visited Trulung; plans were made for Ludlow to go to Pemakochung and the Yigrong Range, possibly leaving Suowa to Tsungpen, and Henry may accompany the diarist to Tromda. The writer, feeling heart trouble, decides to return to India amid persistently dull, rainy weather.

CONTENT:
been held up, but had gone very slowly indeed & had waited in Lhasa a very long while. I felt my heart rather a lot, & have had to decide to go back to India, a blow which I haven't realized fully yet.

31st March. Tongkyun. We had heavy rain & a thunderstorm on the way - typical weather for spring. Although it was very heavy, it was noticeable that snow did not fall low down on the hills. All the peach blossom is out here, in Pasha - a very pretty sight.

1-2-3 April. Halt. Nothing much to do. Repacked all stores for our 2 months trip back, leaving the rest for Ludlow to dispose of. Tsungpen & Akong went to Trulung on 3rd for a quick trip to Trulung and back, & hope secured for quite a lot of good things. There must be a great change down that way by now.

4-5-6-7th April. Halt. I sent a letter to Ludlow on 3rd telling him of our altered plans. The lad took it to Dzeng in 2 days & found L & S there, they not yet having been able to see the Dzongpen at Tsola Dzong, as he had gone to Trulung. Ludlow wrote back at once & I got the letter on 6th - there & back in 4 days. Ludlow plans now to go to Pemakochung, then here by 15 May & on to the Yigrong Range. He wants to let Tsungpen do the Suowa area on his own. I wonder if that is wise & if Tsungpen can manage it. It would be a jolly good show if he did do it. Henry suggests coming with me to Tromda, but I hope that will not be necessary. We will have to have a good talk on 14th when we meet there. What a lot of time has been wasted this year. But we could not help it. Tsungpen should be back here this evening from Trulung, if he has had no trouble from coolies.

8th & 9th Ap. Halt. Every day is the same now. Each night it rains more or less. Each day is cloudy, with some bright intervals, more or less. It is dull weather,

SUMMARY:
Diary entries record weather from the end of March through mid-April at Tonghyuk Dz, with frequent rain and snow reaching elevations of 11,500 feet, including 1 inch at Amnyina and 9 inches at Lumang. Notes also document payments to Mohammed and possible amounts related to Tsetang and Gyantse, clarifying pay, advance, and pony fodder expenses.

CONTENT:
31st - 1st April. Tonghyuk Dz. Very heavy rain at night. Snow to 11500'.
1 - 2 - " Bright part of day. Cloudy afternoon.
2 - 3 - " Cloudy night. Cloud some sun.
3 - 4 - " Rain at night. Cloudy day 4th.
4 - 5 - " " " " & snow to 11500'. 5th.
5 - 6 - " Little rain at night. Cloudy but fine day.
6 - 7 - " Rain at night. Cloudy some rain 7th.
7 - 8 - " " " " - 8
8 - 9 - " Heavy rain " " - 9.
9 - 10 - " " " " Ditto all day 10th.
10 - 11 - " " " " " 11th.
11 - 12 - " Heavy snow 1" at Amnyina. 9" at Lumang. Fine but heavy cloud 12th.
12 - 13. Low cloud. Mostly fine but much cloud. 13th.
13 - 14. Some snow.

Mohammed has had Rs 20 + 200 sangp on 15 Dec.
150 " ? Tsetang Pedong Dorji
400 " ? Gyantse R.B.B.

Of these payments:-
Rs 20 + 300 sangp (Rs 100) is his pay - + Adv. 5/-
Remainder 450 sangp was for ponies' food.

12338 P. chungensis = 12279.

SUMMARY:
Tsangpo returned with 41 specimens, including notable rhododendrons from near Mandi and Trulung. The diarist reports continuous rain and late snow while moving through Dau, Lunang, and Latsa, with limited flowering observed except some primulas and rhododendrons in bud. Observations include weather severity and early-season phenology such as P. calderiana, P. whitei, P. atrodentata, and Mec. betonicifolia.

CONTENT:
neither one thing nor the other. Tsangpo came back on 8th, with 41 specimens, showing that down there there is now very much more than here. The big Maddenii Series Rhododendron from Trulung is still not out, but he got two good ones — one yellow from just below Mandi (12348) which is new to us, and may be interesting. The other, in two forms (12354, 12370) of which we got some seed in Feb. It must be a beautiful thing. The former is slightly pink, the latter pure white. They are probably the same, though leaf shape and size of plant are rather different as well.

10th April. A filthy day of rain all day long without a pause, and it looks like going on for a good while.

11th April. Dau. Another even worse day. It has now rained continuously for two days and 3 nights which is a lot for this time of year. Snow lay low to around 1000' this morning, and had been lying a good deal below Dau. After 3.0pm here it was very heavy — half snow half rain. Rhododendrons fairly good. R. virgatum series was really lovely. No 12375 is a fine tree too. We only saw one R. triflorum in flower — a miserable thing. There are a great many P. chungensis just in bud now, all along the road, which should soon be very fine indeed.

12th April. Lunang. There was 1" of snow last night in camp, but it did not snow very much with us. In the narrow valley 2 m below Lunang the going was difficult, as there were 9-10" of fresh snow, and up here when we arrived, about 5". Locals don't seem surprised at the snow, but it surprises me, as I would not have expected that on the main Himalayan Range in mid April. Owing to deep snow we saw no flowers — if there were any to see. In some clearings, I did see P. calderiana in bud showing colour. There were too P. whitei and P. atrodentata occasionally visible where snow had melted. Leaves of Mec. betonicifolia also seen.

13th April. Latsa. We are still too early for flowers here. P. calderiana is still in bud. Mec. betonicifolia very common indeed, but only 2-4" high in leaf. P. atrodentata is the only flower seen. No Rhodos. in flower yet.

CONTENT:
82

Kodachrome 21.
Two Kongbas at Latsa. 13/4.
At the Temu La. 14/4. 18. 19. 20. 21
P. atrodentata. } 15/4 Sent from Dzeng. 16/4.
A Kongba with flute. }

14-15 Ap. Dzeng Some rain at night. Mostly cloudy.
15-16 Ap. Dzeng Some rain at night. Mostly cloudy.
16-17 Ap. Dzeng Some rain at night. Mostly cloudy.
17-18 Ap. Dzeng Bright & clear. Min 29°.
18-19 Ap. Dzeng Fine night. Fine but cloudy 19th.
19-20 Ap. Dzeng Rain at night. Fine but cloudy 20th.
20-21 Ap. Dzeng Rain at night. Fine but cloudy 21st.
21-22 Ap. Dzeng Rain at night. Rain by 3.0 pm.

Kodachrome 22
Betty, Jill, Joker at camp Dzeng. 18/4.
Up Tsangpo Dzeng 18/4
Up Tsangpo up hill 18/4.
Buddleia purple. 20/4.
Rhod. vellereum in forest behind Tse 20/4
Rhod. vellereum close up
Self photographing Rhod. vellereum 20/4.

SUMMARY:
Entries describe travel from Dzong with snow conditions and a stay at Latsa, reports that Ludlow and Elliot spent 24 days shooting waterfowl, and notes of increased rain in the Tsangpo valley pleasing the Tsala Dzongpon. After halts and cold weather, Ludlow and Elliot depart on the 18th with Lepchas, Ramzana, and Balbahadur, while Samdup and Kancha remain with the diarist. On the 20th at Tse, the river level and wind patterns are observed, and a brief botanical note records rhododendrons in flower.

CONTENT:
14th April. Dzong. Some snow at night. We stayed in a house at Latsa, as we feared heavy snow which did not materialize. The house was clean, like all the houses in the valley, very big. It had a big central stone fireplace in the room we were in, so we had a good wood fire all the time. Snow got deeper as we went up over the top; there must have been 1 1/2 feet. There was not so much on the S. & we were soon out of it. Left at 6.30 & got in at 1.30 pm. Ludlow & Elliot have been here for 24 days. All they've had to do has been shoot game. They've got 25 geese & as many mallard, with a few shoveller & 2 spotbill. There has been much more rain in the Tsangpo valley than usual, & the Tsala Dzongpon is very pleased, as crops there should be specially good. Last year was almost a drought.

15-16 April. Halt. Rain in night & nearly all day of 15th. Very cold for this altitude.

17-18-19 Ap. Ludlow & Elliot left on 18th & had a perfect day to go on, without a cloud in the sky, after a clear cold (min 24°) night. All the Lepchas went too, with Ramzana & Balbahadur. The 'trouble makers' - Samdup & Kancha are going with me. Ludlow should now have no more trouble: I doubt if he will even when Samdup returns. It is a pity about our servants. If only we could have got some other than Samdup & Kancha, the whole party would have been happy, that makes all the difference.

20th Ap. Tse. Back here again. The river is, to my surprise, rather smaller than in December. It must in fact be at its minimum now. Wind continues the same - upstream as far as the Gyamda junction, & downstream to the junction. B & I went up the Tse valley today, but only saw the same things as elsewhere. P. chungensis (not in flower) Rhod. vellereum 12393 in very fine flower & another Rhod 12388 fairly common. R. vellereum is in masses in the Gyamda valley, & all along the hillside on the N face.

SUMMARY:
Page lists Kodachrome photograph subjects and specimen numbers from late April, including Poplanthus near Shoka, Rhododendron anthopogon at Miling, apple/pear “Nyete,” Clematis, and scenes near Gacha and in pine forest. Mentions a Ptopa woman and Betty with a Lopa individual at Nagu Bridge.

CONTENT:
Kodachrome 23.
Poplanthus shrubs near Shoka 22/4.
Rhod. vellereum No. 12393. 22/4.
Ptopa woman with boots in hand & snuffbox of umbrella handle. 22/4
Types at Tungdo. 23/4.

24.
Betty with Lopa halfcaste. Nagu Bridge 23/4
Rhododendron anthopogon No. 12397 Miling 23/4.
Apple blossom. Yusum 12399 24/4.
Clematis No. 12404 25/4
Apple or pear "Nyete". 12402 25/4

25.
Apple or Pear. Lilung. (nyete) 25/4 No 12402 into pink box -
Village & poplar W of Gacha. 27/4
Young poplars upper leaves. 27/4
Scene in pine forest 27/4.

1/4 pl. 25/4
1 & 2 Poplanthus.
3 Nyete No 12402
4 Village near Gacha

SUMMARY:
The diarist reports failed transport arrangements at Haet Tse, a visit to the Dzong, and a river crossing by kowa, noting river levels and unsettled weather. On moving to Shoka in heavy rain, there were still shortages of pack animals and help; conditions improved as more servants and a helper from the Dzongpon arrived, though Samdup and much of the kit were still missing.

CONTENT:
21st April. Haet Tse. All the very careful arrangements for us to leave came to nothing. Of the 15 ponies ordered, 2 turned up by 9.0 am and 2 more by midday. I had to go to the Dzong to see that other arrangements be made. The Dzongpon is as friendly as ever. It took me 6 minutes to cross by Kowa, going at about 3-4 miles per hour. That makes the present stream about 500 - 600 yards broad. The Kowa man said the river was at its lowest about February - March, and that now it had risen quite a bit. But it is smaller now I think than in December. Weather very unsettled.

22nd April. Shoka. A very bad day indeed. There were still only 8 animals out of 15 at Tse in the early morning. Then 1 more came. We went off for the Shoka at about 4.0 pm when the rain really came down hard. We only had Tamchen with us, and the Gyimpu was not impressed at all by our importance. No grass, no help, no nothing. But he improved when our kit started to arrive; improved again when 2 more servants came in, and was quite decent when the Dzongpon's man, sent specially to help us, also came in. It was very wet in the evening. No sign of Samdup or of the rest of our kit, in spite of all I did with the Dzongpon yesterday.

23

SUMMARY:
Cloudy conditions are noted on the 22nd–23rd with some rain, including at night. The 24th was cloudy without rain, and the 25th was bright with no rain.

CONTENT:
86

22-23. Cloudy most of the day. Some rain & rain at night.

24. Cloudy most of the day. No rain.
25. Bright. No rain.