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SUMMARY:
At Tso Blerang Lake Camp the diarist surveyed gentians near Changchu La, marking Delphinium viscosum (2096), Lomatogonium deltoideum (2095), and a clump of G. stictantha, but rain prevented photography; a pin-tail snipe was shot at 15,000 feet. The following day involved an 8-mile move to Senguti via Sun La and Churam in heavy rain, noting P. capitata as common and no new gentians on Sun La.

CONTENT:
leptopuccile, but does not agree with anything in the F.B.I.

I saw four 'kuling', but was unable to get a shot at any of them with any chance of success.

20th August. Halt. Tso Blerang Lake Camp. Our last day here. It rained all day, anyhow up towards the Changchu La, where I went in the morning.

I marked there a few Delphinium 2096 (Delphinium viscosum), in an opening in the rhododendron forest, about the same place - just below, beside the river, the little gentian like a Swertia 2095 (Lomatogonium deltoideum). There seemed no need to mark G. otophora.

Dancing gentian 2092, as once over the steep ridge - about 1 mile short of the pass, it is almost everywhere, especially on SE banks. I put up a few stones - to the right of where we first met 2092 - to mark a good clump of G. stictantha (przewalskii). Just as we got up the hill all gentians closed tight, and I had no chance of a photo with any flowers open at all - a great disappointment. Nor did any open all the time I was there. Shot a pin tail snipe at 15000'.

21st August. Senguti (13500?). 8 miles. (To Senguti. Base Camp on May 16). It rained very hard indeed all yesterday evening and night, and has rained all today, hard in the afternoon. Saw no new gentians on the Sun La. From Churam here P. capitata is common. The big Churam gentian like Waltoni.

SUMMARY:
Notes record aquatic plant specimens near Lingmathang and observations of Primula sikkimensis above Gautsa. The writer considers a fish ladder around a waterfall above Gautsa, mentions fatigue and sneezing from cold wind, and reports shooting a mallard, pintail, and teal at the hot springs.

CONTENT:
4A

3581 Ranunculus? In stream flowing through Lingmathang.
3582 Equisetum sp? In spring water to W. of Lingmathang.

Ludlow 6
What a magnificent stairway
round the Lingmathang plain
would make but the waterfall
above Gautsa would have to
be outflanked by a winding
channel or ladder for the fish
could not descend in its
present state

Primula sikkimensis common above Gautsa till above the tree zone.

Ludlow 7
I was very tired. The cold
wind in my nostrils gave me the
usual sneezing fits and a
running nose

Ludlow 7.
I shot a mallard, a pintail
and a teal at the hot springs.

SUMMARY:
Botanical entries list Primula, Rhododendron, and Androsace specimens, highlighting a fine Androsace (No. 2235) nearly a foot tall. Stores from Chusam arrived with wireless, batteries, and rations; many people headed toward Sanga Chöling from the Kingkor, with women carrying bamboo poles toward Totsen, Sha ngu ha, and Sincoveni; weather was windy and sunny, mist rising up the Tsari Chu, and ponies took from 6 am to 2 pm.

CONTENT:
Mec. simplicifolia 1877, P. sikkimensis var. plantaginea 1878, Primula sonchifolia 1879, L. nanum 1880
Rhod. campylocarpum 1881, Rhod. campylogynum 1882, Rhod. forrestii var. repens 1883
Primula valentiana 1884
Androsace strigillosa var. cavaleriei 2235

to 4" high. There is a very fine androsace here No. 2235, a beautiful bright colour, the under surface of the petals contrasting with the upper. It grows to nearly a foot high. Our stores from Chusam arrived here with us - the wireless, batteries & some rations. A great number of people seem to be going to Sanga Chöling, many or all from the Kingkor. About 60 passed by here as I was shaving this morning, all carrying bundles of bamboo poles about 12-15 ft long. The majority were women, who are not allowed to do the Kingkor, but go from Totsen to the Sha ngu ha & Sincoveni. Ponies today took from 6.0 am till 2.0 pm. Here there is a strong wind, & the sun is shining most of the time - very pleasant for a change again. One can see the mist that comes up the Tsari Chu over the end of this

SUMMARY:
In wet conditions the party split up: the diarist had a poor day on a dry hill while Pasang returned with a strong collection including a new Androsace, a suspected new Cochlearia, and P. macrophylla var. macrocarpa, alongside notes on Diapensia himalaica and several Primula including white P. caveana. The following day they worked up the valley east of camp in soaking weather; Gunden went far and gathered white P. caveana, but little else was found, prompting thoughts of leaving the area within a few days.

CONTENT:
22nd June Haer. A wet miserable day. We split forces, I sent Pasang and Gunden up Dimpuang valley with instructions to leave it when well in, and to try high up on the south side. They are not in yet, but I had a very poor day in the place I chose. I went up the hill dividing the valley to the north of us. It was dry and almost bare of anything. At 15,500 we found masses of Diapensia himalaica, and beside it P. tenuiloba and P. concinna. There is also some P. caveana, which always tricks me. But that was really all—a disappointing chukker we had. I found two plants of white P. caveana; would like to be able to get plenty of seed of that, or roots, if seed not available. Pasang came back at 3:30 and had a good collection: a new Androsace, the Cochlearia(?) which I wanted and which is, I believe, new, first for us in '37; some more P. macrophylla var. macrocarpa in first-class condition, a cushion Androsace, and various odds and ends. So the day was not so bad after all. I have seen a good-looking place for tomorrow, up the valley to the east from the junction. But one can never tell.

23rd June - Hall. Up the valley to the east above camp. A soaking wet, windy, cold, beastly day. This was the place I thought looked so good, but it had nothing in it. Gunden went miles, but for nothing but a good collection of white P. caveana, and we got nothing worthwhile either, while I felt the climb up after leaving the pony a good deal. It was very steep indeed, and in waterproof and waterproof trousers was hard going. I really don't think now that we will be able to stay on here till the end of the month. Another three days will finish all that we can do, and there will be no other side valleys to try. This has been our wettest day yet, I think.

SUMMARY:
The author considers Meconopsis 2531 to be Bailey's var. argemonantha and marks plants for seed collection. From 2–5 September, they halt near Nga La and Pang La, receive news of a dak from Tsona, recover and butcher a lost sheep, and record further hunting by Tsongpen, Dawang, and Tenduk; they then move via Migyitun to Bimbi La, photograph three lamas, and note coolie difficulties.

CONTENT:
L.P. 177. I think the white poppy we found the day before yesterday (2531) must be Bailey's var. argemonantha of which only the flowers and leaves are preserved. 155

The Meconopsis 2531 we think may be Bailey's var. argemonantha. I have marked a dozen plants for seeds.

2nd Sept. Halt. Camp above Nga La.
Pang La.
P. macrophylla 2538
P. rhodochroa 2539
G. prolata 2540
Last night was perfect, and today was again fine with no rain, but clouds coming up fast in the evening. Tsongpen shot two kuling females. Collected a few seeds, but found nothing of much interest. News came to Migyitun of a dak having been sent from Tsona. The lost sheep was found, brought up here, and within 5 minutes was in 4 pieces — one for Pintso and Co, 1 for the Kashmiris and one for us, with some odds.

3rd Sept. Halt. Nga La Camp. Mist all day and some rain. Dawang and Tenduk went out with the gun and got one more kuling, in good condition.

4th September. Migyitun. 9500' 5 miles. Rain in the hills all morning, mostly fine in the Migyitun valley. Dak said to be in S. Chöling, but nothing more known about it.

5th September. Bimbi La Camp. 11 m. 12500'. A fine morning, and hardly any rain all day. Three lamas turned up and wanted to pose for their photographs, so I took them in colour. Coolies are getting a bit difficult, and poor Pintso has a hard time.

SUMMARY:
The diarist describes plant collecting on cliffs and sand slopes, with Pasang separately gathering notable specimens, and notes wildlife sightings, weather, and plans to camp higher and visit Marlung. Letters were sent to Betty and Asha Wangmoo. On 4 July, amid active trade movement, Pasang and Yundun collected more plants near the Sekpen's huts, and plans are considered for a September trip to the Tibdey La after returning from Bumthang.

CONTENT:
1 June
Went to a big cliff straight ahead. This was covered at the foot with almost white P. umbratilis (19332), and with a lot of the yellow Sax I saw 2 days ago, glabricaulis (19306). Then again to the right, then found P. waddellii and one or two other good things, including a high altitude Delphinium muscosum (19328) and a Sax bergianoides (19329) and a nice dwarf plant which I don't remember seeing before (19327), which grows in sand slopes below cliffs. Pasang was separate, and he got one fine big Gentian, G. phyllocalyx (19322), and also a very pretty little white Potentilla coriandrifolia (19324), which I'd like to get seed of, but unfortunately he only saw enough for the press.

Pasang saw many bharal, I saw one. I must take out the gun and have a go at one one day. We were lucky today, as it was almost fine the whole day until 5 minutes after we returned, when there was a deluge of rain. Really we should camp now at 14,500' to get the best of the alpines. They all seem to be high, and camping here at 12,000' is far too low: it makes a long walk to reach 15,000'. Tomorrow we have an off day, then go up to Marlung, at about 13,500'. Perhaps from there I will send the lads off for a couple of nights to one of the yakherds' shelters, which now mostly seem to be about 14,500'. Sent off a letter to Betty and one to Asha Wangmoo this morning.

4th July. Halt. More fine than wet. Great moving of trade up and down today, mostly Bhutanese, but also Tibetans. I stayed in camp, but Pasang and Yundun preferred to go out. They went up the valley behind the Sekpen's huts, then over the ridge to the north, and they collected 10 quite good plants, including one fine Prim. soldanelloides (19346), which was growing on a cliff, which I think unusual. I've always seen it just on steep open grassy hillside. Ngudup seemed surprised when I told him we would return here after Bumthang, for seed. I've been wondering whether it might not be good to go to the Tibdey La for Sept 1-12th or 15th.

SUMMARY:
Brief note listing measurement headings (B.P., Temp., Time) and indicating the location as about midway up a slope known as Surelahha. No additional observational data are recorded.

CONTENT:
B.P. Temp. Time.
(About midway up slope which is all called Surelahha).

SUMMARY:
The page lists brief numeric entries and notations, including multiple 'B.P.' references, values such as 189., 186.6, and degree readings of 53° and 48°, along with the note 'Lap.'. No narrative text, dates, or persons are evident.

CONTENT:
13a 182 5

189. 53° B.P. . B.P. . B.P. . A
     B.P. . A
     Lap.

     186.6 48°

SUMMARY:
Tsangpo returned with 41 specimens, including notable rhododendrons from near Mandi and Trulung. The diarist reports continuous rain and late snow while moving through Dau, Lunang, and Latsa, with limited flowering observed except some primulas and rhododendrons in bud. Observations include weather severity and early-season phenology such as P. calderiana, P. whitei, P. atrodentata, and Mec. betonicifolia.

CONTENT:
neither one thing nor the other. Tsangpo came back on 8th, with 41 specimens, showing that down there there is now very much more than here. The big Maddenii Series Rhododendron from Trulung is still not out, but he got two good ones — one yellow from just below Mandi (12348) which is new to us, and may be interesting. The other, in two forms (12354, 12370) of which we got some seed in Feb. It must be a beautiful thing. The former is slightly pink, the latter pure white. They are probably the same, though leaf shape and size of plant are rather different as well.

10th April. A filthy day of rain all day long without a pause, and it looks like going on for a good while.

11th April. Dau. Another even worse day. It has now rained continuously for two days and 3 nights which is a lot for this time of year. Snow lay low to around 1000' this morning, and had been lying a good deal below Dau. After 3.0pm here it was very heavy — half snow half rain. Rhododendrons fairly good. R. virgatum series was really lovely. No 12375 is a fine tree too. We only saw one R. triflorum in flower — a miserable thing. There are a great many P. chungensis just in bud now, all along the road, which should soon be very fine indeed.

12th April. Lunang. There was 1" of snow last night in camp, but it did not snow very much with us. In the narrow valley 2 m below Lunang the going was difficult, as there were 9-10" of fresh snow, and up here when we arrived, about 5". Locals don't seem surprised at the snow, but it surprises me, as I would not have expected that on the main Himalayan Range in mid April. Owing to deep snow we saw no flowers — if there were any to see. In some clearings, I did see P. calderiana in bud showing colour. There were too P. whitei and P. atrodentata occasionally visible where snow had melted. Leaves of Mec. betonicifolia also seen.

13th April. Latsa. We are still too early for flowers here. P. calderiana is still in bud. Mec. betonicifolia very common indeed, but only 2-4" high in leaf. P. atrodentata is the only flower seen. No Rhodos. in flower yet.