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SUMMARY:
Field notes from Lhalung and Nyug La record observations on Rhododendron and Primula species, including diagnostic features and flowering behavior. Local river names around Lhalung are listed. Rhododendron xanthostephanum is noted as previously found by David under No. 3666.

CONTENT:
26a
Lhalung

3720. Rhod. edgeworthii bullatum? This seems to agree with R. bullatum, except for the pink flowers, more distinct on the lobes to base lines: 10 stamens: perhaps the size of the flower, which measured 3" across, even as in nature not pressed. It is common here, but on very high trees, & smaller at the top. A marked difference to all Edgeworthii Series is that the flowers are terminal, but only 1 flowered. X 1/5 Found a good many 2-flowered. No 3-fld.

N.B. Name of Main River at Lhalung is YARGYAP CHONG CHU, called usually, YARGYAP CHU.
" - side river passing camp is the NETSANG CHU.
" - river between Kangma La & Nyug La is CHACHURONG CHU.
" - W of Nyug La is CHUDI CHU.

3726. Rhod. xanthostephanum yellow. Found by David under NO. 3666. There mentioned as being a small shrub, but now seen to be 10-12 ft. Number label attached to tree.

Nyug La. 11th May.

3735. Primula Cortusoides Sect. lacerata = 3749. Nyug La. Specimens taken from low altitude, where flowers are nearly over. Shows the formation of bracts, in the same way as are formed on P. bracteosa. These begin when the plant is still in flower.

3736. Rhod. campylocarpum telopeum. Nyug La. Aff. R. campylocarpum. Very little of this was seen. It hardly seems to agree fully with any of the yellow flowered Thomsonii series.

3737. Rhod. micromeres. Nyug La. Flowers not yet open, but seems to agree with the description of R. micromeres. Little seen.

Note on Primula Normaniana: Flowers first seen all had the yellow eye. Now the eye varies a good deal. It seems that at first the eye is yellow, then turns either white, or very deep red.

3743. Primula Boothii gracilipes = 3671. Nyug La. This primula does not show any elongation of the scape just now. In fact the scape is hardly visible at all. The petioles have lengthened.

3744. Primula aff Bariensis porella = 3673. Nyug La. The leaves of this primula have increased a great deal in size. The color of leaves remains much the same, the upper surface being a little less red tinged. A magnificent primula common in a very limited area. Flower heads up to nine counted.

3745. " " " porella " "

P.T.O

SUMMARY:
At Lhalung, the writer reports poor bird results and uses Sketofax and gloves against biting flies. Notes that local people transplant rice and millet rather than sowing them broadcast.

CONTENT:
Ludlow 49.
Lhalung has proved very
disappointing for birds & I have
got nothing but common varieties.
Has to smear face with Sketofax,
wear gloves against dam-dim flies.

Ludlow at Lhalung.
p. 50 people do not sow
their rice broadcast but
transplant it. Same with
millet.

SUMMARY:
Botanical notes mention Primula (Cortusoides sect.) common on the east face in dense forest and a Rhododendron aff. R. rude. It records Ludlow at Lhalung, notes a valley closed due to lethal pit-falls and poisoned arrows after a fatality, and references Sherriff’s reconnaissance and a bridge (see Ludlow p. 51–52).

CONTENT:
laciniata
Primula 3649 Cortusoides sect. very common on E face in dense forest.
rude
3706 - 3670 Rhod. aff R. rude?

Ludlow at Lhalung.

Ludlow at Lhalung p. 50
One of the best valleys here is closed to me.
A short time ago a Loba went up this
valley to dig pit-falls for game, set traps
with poisoned arrows - he died &
no one knows where his pit-falls &
poisoned arrows have been placed
so no one dare venture up the valley.

Sherriff's recon 6
Lhalung
Ludlow 51. bridge
runs up S's bridge
see Ludlow p 51-52

SUMMARY:
The writer clarifies the naming and geography of the Lho La, noting it lies on the main range and that the river beyond flows into India rather than the Tsangpo. They describe relentless rain and a treacherous descent to Pachakshiri that made collecting difficult. Bird notes include scarce sightings of tragopans and monals, a notable rediscovery of Actinodura daflaensis at Pachakshiri (after Godwin-Austen’s 1875 record), and mentions of Sibia nipalensis daflaensis at Ghuha Nyug La and Spelaeornis souliei souliei at Nyug La.

CONTENT:
L. p. 141. Flowers south of the Lho La are not so attractive as they are on the N. face. I have been making a mistake in calling this pass the Lho La. I thought it meant the South Pass (Lho = South (Tib)) but apparently it means the Lapa Pass as the Lobpa country formerly extended to the pass. The Lho La, despite its low altitude, is evidently on the main range. The river we have been following since crossing the pass goes down into India & does not empty into the Tsangpo.

L.s.
Ludlow. Ibis 47. L. 140. Ludlow at Lho La
The rainfall at Pachakshiri was incessant & relentless, Pachakshiri
and in all my Himalayan wanderings I cannot recall a Androsace delavayi 1900
worse track than that which we descended from the Lho La. P. geraniifolia 1901
(July 3). We had to watch every footstep, & dare not raise " atrodentata 1902
our eyes from the ground. Boulders & fallen giant forest " normanniana 1903
trees obstructed the path everywhere. We sank Rhod. kessii 1904
up to our knees in quagmires & were for ever clambering
up rock faces & boulders by means of notched logs. Collecting
under such conditions was naturally extremely difficult.

We were told that Temminck's Tragopan and Sclater's Monal
were common, but we only saw one pair of a
Tragopan & 2 juveniles. Perhaps the most interesting bird
we secured was Actinodura n. daflaensis, first discovered
by Godwin-Austen in the Dafla Hills in 1875 & then lost sight
of until we procured it again at Pachakshiri. This must be (H&S)

Sibia nipalensis daflaensis (L. ibis 54) - found on Ghuha Nyug La
Another bird of considerable interest was Spelaeornis souliei souliei. 5th July Nyug La
(called S. s. sherriffi when collected in 1933 & 1934). Lud. Ibis 178.