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SUMMARY:
At Pangchen the diarist and Ludlow were confined to bed with fever and severe sore throats for several days, while Danong searched nearby with limited success. Several plants are noted, including Clematis montana and various Rhododendron and Primula species, amid intermittent heavy rain. By 3 April they felt weak but ready to move on.

CONTENT:
Pangchen 31 March. Clematis montana 1250. Rhod. edgeworthii 1251
Rhod. epapillatum 1252

L.D. ill at
Pangchen

1st April. Halt. Ludlow and I have spent the last three days
in bed with some kind of a fever and a most awful throat.
I have no idea what it was or why we got it. The
throat has by no means gone yet, but fever nearly has.
Danong has searched round about, but has not found
anything much. Prim. boothii is pretty common in
suitable places, and P. erythrocarpa also. One nice Rhododendron
(Rhod. epapillatum) was found, but only one flower out, 1252. There has
been quite heavy rain on and off these last three days, with
always bright intervals. Probably our throats have
been much the same as Danong and Tsongpen had. Whatever
they are, they are most extremely unpleasant, and I hope we
are both finished with them now.

P. gracilipes
P. erythrocarpa
Rhod. epapillatum
laniflorum 1259
Rhod. grande 1258
Rhod. epapillatum 1260
" arboreum 1261
" triflorum 1262

3rd April. Pangchen. We both feel as if we could
make a move tomorrow though very weak. When walking
we have the feeling of being drunk, but I suppose that is
only weakness. There has not been much to do here,
and I will be glad to get on again where I feel there
will be more flowers. The monsoon almost seems to have
arrived already. It has rained on and off every day we have

by 8/xii
69

SUMMARY:
Page lists film subjects and locations with dates, including crab apple, rhododendron, Primula, and village scenes at Bumthang, Tang, Pokpe, near Lhuntse Dz., and views toward Singhi Dz. from Rip La. Notes include people photographed (Ashe, Wangmoo, and Betty) and film batch dispatches on 15/04/1949 and to Kurizam on 21/04/1949.

CONTENT:
15

B.W. Filmpack 2.

1. Crab apple. hupehensis 18690 Bumthang 12/4
2. Village at Tang. 13/4.
3. Crab apple tree. hupehensis 13/4 18690
4. Rhod. arboreum 13/4.
5. P. gracilipes. Pokpe 14/4
6. Rhod. Madd. Ser. 18720 Griffithianum
7. P. cerasoides v. rubra. 20115
8. Ashe Wangmoo & Betty - 17/4.
9. Village near Lhuntse Dz. 19/4.
10. View to Singhi Dz. from Rip La. 23/4
11. Bryocarpum himalaicum 18744
12. Primula Normaniana. 18740

Dufaycolor 2nd Batch.

1. Crabapple 18690 12/4
2. Crab apple tree " 13/4
3. Rhod. arboreum by river 13/4
4. }
5. } P. gracilipes Pokpe. 14/4.
6. }
   Dufay 1 & 2 sent on 15/4/49.

C.S. 6. Kodachrome.
Crab apple close up 13/4 18690
" " tree. 13/4.
P. gracilipes. Pokpe. 14/4.
Rhod Madd. 18720 (3) Griffithianum
Prunus cerasoides v rubra 20115
Ashe Wangmoo & Betty. 17/4 (Sent Kurizam 21.4.49)
Albizzia Sherriffii. 19/4.
last 10 ft. stuck.

Dufay 3.
1 & 2 Rhod. Madd. Ser. Griffithianum 18720
3 Prunus cerasoides v rubra 20115
4 Bryocarpum himalaicum 18744
5 & 6 Prim. Normaniana 18740

SUMMARY:
The page describes conifer- and rhododendron-dominated terrain and extensive cultivation in the Tang valley, contrasting land use practices with those near Kalimpong. On 15th April, the party traveled from Pimi over the RUDO LA in persistent snow, observed few flowers, and received wine and food sent by Asha Wangmoo at the pass.

CONTENT:
On the way up is Pinus excelsa. Up here there is nothing but conifers & rhododendron. The pines have given place to Spruce (Picea spinulosa 18702) (Bashing), Tsuga (dumosa 18701) (Seshing), Fir (Dungshing) & some Larix (Sasuing) (Rhod. thomsonii 18697). We saw some very nice P. gracilipes — also (15699) Bryocarpum himalaicum just coming into flower. There is a great deal of cultivation in the Tang valley, not only low down in the valley bed, but right up close to where we are here, over 11,000 ft. Our people were amused when we asked the locals about fields which we saw had had buckwheat in them last year. "Would they lie fallow this year?" we asked. "Oh they won't be used for at least 12 years again!" was the answer. The owner just goes to another bit of land. This to anyone near Kalimpong, where land can hardly be got, often at Rs 600/- an acre, was wonderful.

15th April. PIMI. over the RUDO LA (9690, 12600). 5 1/2 hours, 11 miles. A beastly day when we hoped so much for a fine one. It was snowing gently as we left at 5:45 this morning. After a slight ascent, the path is almost level till 4 when a steep ascent brings one to the Rudo La at 11:30. We had a glimpse of blue sky suddenly, & a small patch of sun, but that was all, it snowed all the way otherwise. The wind was cold on top. Our mules were back from there. This side descent very easy for an hour or so, then suddenly the path goes downstairs, & continues downstairs for more than an hour before easing off. The ridge is followed all the way, & for that reason no flowers were seen, except one Rhod. (Rhod. arboreum 18703), & P. Calderiana in fat bud, covered in farina, smelling its usual bad smell. Asha Wangmoo sent wine & food for us to meet us on the pass. Here a great place has been prepared again, against our visit.

SUMMARY:
After descending in snowy conditions, the writer reached Sakden and collected Gentiana amoena and other material, preparing seeds to send via Trashigong. The following day they halted at Sakden to process seeds and flowers; Lumsden treated patients and cut the writer’s hair, while Ludlow improved the camp with a fireplace in the dining room amid cold nighttime temperatures.

CONTENT:
Sakden 13th March.
Prim. white 1215. P. gracilipes 1216

... in flower down to about 12,500, when it gave out, was replaced by 1166 again. I collected a bit of ground which had a lot of Gentiana amoena on it. No seeds were left in the capsules, but they must be in the ground with the living sprouting roots. I will send them by air if the post leaves Trashigong on our arrival there. I have put it in a tin with a hundred or more holes. Similarly I have tinned some of 1166. There was a lot of snow on the way down. I reached Sakden at 2:00 pm, to find Ludlow and Lumsden very fit. Ludlow had some food birds again, and flowers much the same as I collected.

14th March. Halted Sakden. I only went out for three or four hours this morning, and have been doing up seeds and flowers since. Lumsden has been very busy with patients. However he helped to cut my hair with clippers, and made a good job of his first effort. Here there is the usual village built for us, but Ludlow has added a fireplace in the dining room. It is very fine and a great boon. It is cold at night here. The temp. inside my room 3 ft from the ground was 23° last night. The days are

[Margin notes: Gentiana amoena, Sakden, Juniperus recurva, Tsuga dumosa 1180, Rhod. cavaleriei-florum 1181 1183, Rhod. arboreum 1182]

SUMMARY:
Route-based notes list stages and passes from Kyikyi La and Yuto La through Tongsa, Tashiling, Chendebi, Ritang, Wangdupotrang, S'gang, and Hing Lai La, with instructions on seeds to collect. Plants noted include Rhod. ciliatum, Notholirion macrophyllum, Primula spp., Lil. nepalense, Lil. wallichianum, Clematis, Gaultheria, Streptopus, Smilacina, Buddleia, Codonopsis purpurea, Luculia Pinceana, Morina, and Adenophora, with site notes such as cliffs, passes, and landslides.

CONTENT:
Seed to be collected Tongsa Dz. to Ha.

Kyikyi La - Rhod. ciliatum ✓ Notholirion macrophyllum X Thalictrum sp. 19544 ✓
Yuto La. Clematis sp. Gaultheria Streptopus Smilacina. Buddleia about 2 m from Tongsa.
Tongsa - Tashiling. Codonopsis purpurea .19558. Lil. wall. 19559 / aff Primula 19561. White rose. red creeper. Luculia Pinceana. Ludlow's white tree.
Tashiling - Chendebi. aff Primula red ✓ Rhod. arboreum. P. haycockii ✓
Chendebi - Ritang. Lil. nepalense - Dicentra on cliffs 2 m above Chend. Adenophora on steep ground where lily was in '37.
✓ aff Primula on trees W of pass. Notholirion on rock with L. nepalense where first seen.
Ritang - Wangdupotrang. Small plant on cliff where landslide in 19579 Morina ✓ 19581. On pass Ritang side.
Ritang - S'gang. Lil. nepalense ✓
S'gang - W'trang. nil. ✓
W - Hing Lai La. Saccate tube? Thalictrum opp camp. Lil. wallichianum bulbs ✓
H.L.L. - T

SUMMARY:
The party delayed departure to meet HH, discussing a Treaty, M.K., and reports from Tobgye that the Sikkim Maharani had stirred Nepalis of Sikkim to oppose the Maharaja; they later dined and played games with HH and two Maharanis. They set off around 10:00 on a short, steep march behind Kunga Rapden, noting cultivation, forest edge and grassland, and several rhododendrons including R. arboreum, R. grande, and epiphytes such as R. edgeworthii and R. rhabdotum.

CONTENT:
9th April. Zangrapang. 5 miles. BP. 195.9° T. 61° 5.0pm. Ht. app. 9150'

This was a very short march, but we felt we could not leave HH until a time more suitable to royalty than our usual 6.0 am. So I said we would go when he was ready, that was 9.30. We had had a long & pleasant session with HH & on 8th. He came up again at 3.0pm & we had dinner at 7.0 & he left at 8.0. I talked to him again about the Treaty, & more about M.K. & the danger of getting mixed up with the intriguing of the Sikkim Maharani. He was aware of the danger there, more so because he had just heard from Tobgye that the Sikkim Maharani had induced the Nepalis of Sikkim & some others to go to the Palace to say they did not want the Maharaja, but wanted Indian Raj. This naturally made HH think very much. We later on had games with the two Maharanis & HH, & the greatest success was animal snaps, which so amused HH that we had to stop for fear he would do himself some harm through over laughing.

Today HH came up again to say goodbye, at 9.30, & we were off at 10.0. He was the same pleasant friendly & thoughtful man as always, & had thought out everything for us & our comfort on the road. The road was pretty steep, straight up behind Kunga Rapden, to the east. There is now a good deal of cultivation for about 2000' up, then the path goes along the edge of the forest, to a large area of grass. Round about here there were a number of rhodos. Rhod. arboreum is common, as is R. grande (18660) & some epiphytes like R. Edgeworthii, & rhabdotum,