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SUMMARY:
Notes on several Primula species and a Rhododendron near Chubumbu La, including observations on clonal rooting, flower color, and differences between high- and low-altitude forms. Distribution remarks mention areas south of the Himalayan/Main Range and comparisons to specimens from Mijitun, with a reference to Ludlow (1936) on Primula Elizabethae.

CONTENT:
Chubumbu La

looks as if it might be a natural hybrid with 3983. Usually it occurred in 6-8 plants together. These were rooted together - the roots joined. So it seems to reproduce its colour, if not from seed, at any rate by root reproduction.

3985 Prim. Elizabethae. Rightly described by Ludlow in 1936 as "a truly magnificent primula." In the field notes I mention how red all flower buds are, & also that some flowers keep this distinct tinge. In this case again (as in 3984) these plants rooted together all have the red tinged flowers. Very common, but in a limited area.

3986 Prim. prenantha. I have noticed before how these high altitude P. prenantha differ from the low ones, viz. from 3848. In the same way 2396 of 1936 did not appear to me at all like the specimens taken from Mijitun, No . The high altitude ones have larger leaves, larger flowers, & I do not think are ever Candelabra, having only one umbel of flowers. They are otherwise more robust.

3987. Primula Clutterbuckii. This seems the same as 3640 = 3756, but I am not sure if it is P. Clutterbuckii. It is common near the Chubumbu La.

3988. Primula kongboensis. Only seen on the South of the Himalayan Range.

3989. Primula Dickieana var. alba. White form. These had no purple or cream tinge, but the buds do appear to have a little purple in them.

3990. Primula barbatula. A smaller plant - leaf & flower to the type?

3991. Rhododendron aff. repens. This form only occurs South of the Main Range here. It has much smaller flowers, longer, narrower more pointed leaves, & is only 1 or 2-flowered.

SUMMARY:
The diarist records extensive Primula and Omphalogramma observations around a steep pass, notes multiple slips on a difficult grass slope, and experiences photographic mishaps in wind, mist, and rain. They glissade down avalanche snow, then travel to Langong in heavy rain, buy a young yak, develop photographs, and plan to go to the Lo La on the 10th.

CONTENT:
Omph brachysiphon

must be Omphalogramma brachysiphon 3982. Under 3762 all flowers had five lobes, & here again the first dozen I looked at had five, but some have six. Over the pass we walked right into what must be Primula aff strumosa chionantha 3983, it was in masses, extending for a mile or so under the foot of cliffs & down avalanche shoots. Beyond it we came across P. barbatula 3990, on the cliff faces, very hard to get at. P. tsariensis was everywhere. Then we went down the most slippery & difficult grass slope I have been on and all took many tosses. On it, again in masses was Prim. Elizabethae 3985 or must now, rather reluctantly, say it is the finest primula I know. It extended down 200 yards of very steep slope. As Ludlow said "A truly magnificent primula". We also saw lots of P. Geraldinae 3987, collected before under 3640 + the high altitude P. mosheoidea 3986. An interesting specimen is No 3984, which to my mind must be a natural cross between P. tsariensis (tsariensis x chionantha?), which it most resembles & P. hilaris from which it gets its queer colour. There was little else down to the fir trees, which began about 1000' below the Pass. Left at 5.0 am, back at 3.0 pm. Mist & rain from then on. The coolies' stories of thick snow on the south was all wrong. Barring avalanche snow, there was none.

Photograph
I had a wild catastrophe today. Went out with only a few films in the film pack case behind the spares I had put all ready. Of course I wanted more than I had. The Dufaycolor film pack let me down & I wasted three precious exposures, owing to one film coming adrift in some queer way. Then when I tried to photograph P. Elizabethae in mass, the wind, mist & rain were so bad, I had to give up after half an hour's walking & hoping. The flowers would not keep still & it was hopeless to form trying. We finished the day by glissading down the avalanche snow from the Pass for nearly a mile - a new form of sport to Kusho, who seems to get quite a bit of fun out of these excursions. R. campylocarpum 3994, vernicatum 3991, forrestii 3995, populare 3997, etc. louloula 3992.

11900' 8th June. To Langong. 6 miles. Heavy rain all night. Scenery occluded today. Coolies turned up in good time, and for here about 11.0 am. Things have come on a bit here, but flowers are still very few & far between. Bought a young yak, only a few months old, for Rs. 3/-. Got all my photographs developed this afternoon, & will make preparations for going to the Lo La on the 10th.

SUMMARY:
Page lists specimen numbers and Primula (and Omphalogramma) taxa with collection localities. Notes include sections, color/flowering status, and identification remarks, with repeated entries from the same sites.

CONTENT:

5606. ✓ Primula littledalei Chinning La. Lanjong. 81.
      5608 ✓ " macrocarpa. " " 82
      5609 ✓ " Hopeana. " " 83
      5635 ✓ " hyacinthina. Tse La. 43. 84.
      5644 ✓ " Florindae. Gyara Phu Chu. Molo. 44 85
      5656 ✓ " Jaffreyana. Molo.
5607. ✓ " Flexilipes? reticulata Tum La (Nagu Chu) S
      5770 ✓ " alpicola. purple. " "
      5777 ✓ " Elizabethae
      5785 ✓ " Nivalis Sect. No flower. Calliantha 45 N
      5786 Omphalogramma minus. " " 90
      5791 o Primula barbatula ? : 3990? " "
      5794 ✓ " vernicosa. " "
      5808 ✓ " Whitei (?) Nagu Chu.
      5865 ✓ " Dryadifolia Sect. (sp nov?) Tsanangla. Paka. 46. D
      5866 o " Valentiniana. " " 95
      5867 ✓ " Chamaethauma. " "
      5872 ✓ " Nivalis Sect = 5785.? Calliantha "
      5877 ✓ " alpicola, amber var. " "
      5887 ✓ " (Baileyana) Littledalei Gongire. Pana Phu Chu. 47.
      5888 ✓ " micropetala. hyacinthina. " 48. 100.
      5889 ✓ " nivalis Sect ?? (no flowers) amabilis " 49. N
      5890 o " sp. aff. atrodentata ? " " 50.
      5917 ✓ " Jaffreyana. Kulu Phu Chu, Paka.
      5922 o " Chungensis. " " 51. C.
      5924 ✓ " Chamaethauma " " 105.

SUMMARY:
This page lists botanical specimens, chiefly Primula and Omphalogramma, with collection numbers and localities including Chianang, Lanzung, and Chubumbula. Several varieties and putative hybrids are noted.

CONTENT:

3951. Primula verrucosa, var. violacea. Chianang. Lanzung. 32
3952. Primula Valentiniana. Chianang. Lanzung. 33. A
3953. Omphalogramma minus. Chubumbula. 34. O
3954. Omphalogramma brachysiphon. Chubumbula.
3955. Primula aff P. strumosa Pet. Sect. sp. nov. Chubumbula. 35. P
3956. Primula tsariensis x P. strumosa sp. nov. Chubumbula. P
3957. Primula Elizabethae. Chubumbula. 36. N
3958. Primula prenantha. Chubumbula.
3959. Primula Clutterbuckii. Chubumbula.
3960. Primula kongboensis. Chubumbula. 37.
3961. Primula Dickieana var alba. Chubumbula. A
3962. Primula barbatula. Chubumbula. 38. B
3963. Primula alpicola. Lanzung. 39. S
3964. Primula loessa x Trashigong. Lanzung.
3965. Primula loessa x Trashigong. Lanzung.
3966. Primula loessa x Hopeana

SUMMARY:
The diarist describes a difficult crossing of the Chubumbu La in mist, rain, and snow, followed by notable finds of Primula species and hybrids on the southern slopes. They also note a later visit to the Chimi La, where melting snow revealed several bodies of Lhopas from the previous autumn.

CONTENT:
In profusion had just been uncovered by melting snow, and seed capsules were still full of good seed. On the edge of the Abies forest, Omphalogramma minus was seen, while on very damp swampy slopes, O. brachysiphon was again found. As before, the flowers of this were mostly 5-partite, though a small percentage had six segments. On June 7th, I crossed the Chubumbu La (13,900'), the last 1,000 ft of which was deep in snow on the North side. The South face, however, was clear except for piles of avalanche snow 1,000' down the very steep slopes. It was a beastly day of driving mist and rain, over cold conditions which we had on every single Himalayan Pass this year, with the solitary exception of one fine morning on the Ka La in April. However, I was soon compensated for this. We took a last breather behind a rock on the summit before plunging down the southern slopes, and a compass bearing to keep us right as there was no path visible. Almost at once, we saw a mass of golden yellow Primulas. This proved to be the same as found south of the Do La in Ap at 11,500'; but here it was with proper habitat. This has now been named P. chionogenes. With it was also another Petiolarid Primula - P. tsariensis, and occasionally these two had hybridized and produced a queer but pretty Primula, the colour of which was about halfway between golden yellow and blue-violet. These covered the steep, slippery slopes for 500 ft, where their place was taken by equally large numbers of P. elizabethae, one of the most magnificent of Primulas. Among other Primulas found here were P. pudibunda, P. firma, P. normandiana, P. aff. clutterbuckii (3937), P. dickieana var. pantlingii, and P. barbatula.

The next Pass visited was only a few miles further East - the Chimi La, of 15,000'. Here again, snow lay deep on the North face, the last 1,000' of the N face, but it was melting fast, and we came across several bodies of Lhopas who had been overcome by bad weather the previous Autumn. I was surprised to find that