Born Fife 1630; died Edinburgh 1694
Brought up at the family seat, Balfour Castle in Fife, Andrew Balfour studied philosophy at St Andrews University graduating MA in about 1650. He spent several years in Paris studying medicine eventually graduating MD at Caen in 1661. Returning to London and having been presented to Charles II he acquired a position as a tutor to the earl of Rochester, accompanying him on a grand tour from 1661 to 1664. During his 15 years abroad Balfour acquired an extensive library of medical and natural history books, together with collections of antiquities, pictures, arms, instruments, plants, animals and fossils. In 1667 he returned to St Andrews, practising as a physician, before moving to Edinburgh to build up a medical practice there; it is claimed that he was the first doctor in Scotland to dissect the human body. In 1670, with his distant cousin and friend Robert Sibbald, he leased land for a small garden at St Anne’s Yards, Holyroodhouse, and later petitioned the town council for a larger plot adjacent to Trinity Hospital, in which were planted 2,000 non-indigenous species. He played a prominent role in Edinburgh’s learned society and opened his private museum collections, gallery and library to scholars. He was knighted in 1682 for his contribution to science and society and was active in establishing professorial chairs and in founding the Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh, becoming president in 1685. He improved the infirmary and arranged publication of the first ‘Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia’ (1685) to which he contributed parts on materia medica. After his sudden death in the street in 1694 most of his collections were broken up and his library sold.
Sources: DNB; Fletcher and Brown ‘The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 1670-1970’; Deni Bown, ‘4 Gardens in One’; (R. Desmond ‘Dictionary of British and Irish Botanists and Horticulturalists)
D.W.
Born Gloucestershire 1754; died London 1793
William Austin was a polymath. He initially studied botany at Oxford, graduating in 1776, and then medicine gaining his MD in 1783. However he also studied, and sometimes lectured in Hebrew, Arabic, Mathematics and Chemistry being elected professor in1785. In 1786 he moved from Oxford to London, building a lucrative medical practice while continuing his chemical studies. He was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, published papers for the Royal Society on ‘Heavy inflammable air’ and theorised (incorrectly) on the origin of kidney stones and hardening of the arteries.
Source: DNB
D.W.
Went to the University of Exeter to take an Honours Degree in Botany. In 1961, she moved to the botany department at the University of Leeds to become a research student of Professor Irene Manton. Anne's area of research was in two genera: Asplenium and Polystichum. She investigated the relationship between diploid taxa and the evolution of polyploids.
Many aspects of her work can be found in her 1966 dissertation, "Some cyto-taxonomic problems in the fern genera Asplenium and Polystichum," which, unfortunately, was never published and therefore only exists in a few copies. She was then awarded a research fellowship to spend two years in Japan from 1967 to 1969 to continue her work on ferns. She recalled this as a formative experience in her life. It allowed her to travel extensively in the East and establish a broad circle of professional and personal friendships.
Anne had barely returned from Japan when she developed systemic sclerosis, a rare and debilitating disease that proved difficult to diagnose and treat. This illness increasingly restricted her and made it less and less possible for her to pursue scientific work. Despite the great difficulties arising from her illness, she continued to expand her research, though the practical fern work proved increasingly difficult. Eventually, her illness began to affect her heart, and she eventually succumbed to the disease.
The Anne Sleep Award (The Linnean Society), Established by Mrs. Ivy Sleep in fulfilment of the wishes of her daughter, Dr Anne Sleep FLS. Awards of up to £3,000 are made at (odd-numbered) two year intervals, to assist one or more scholars to carry out biological research in the Middle or Far East, or similarly for scholars from the Middle or Far East to pursue their own biological research in the UK.
Mrs. Ivy Sleep, died in 1996 and left the sum of £120000 to the Linnean Society of London in fulfilment of her daughter’s wishes.
Safety Officer at Natural History Museum, London.
[From NHM Archive]
Frank working at the Museum in the early 1970s in what was then known as the Palaeontology Laboratory. With a background of chemistry, Frank worked on conservation methodology and published numerous books and articles on the care and conservation of geological material.
He is well known for his early pioneering work on identification and treatment for pyrite as well as using thioglycolic acid to remove haematite from vertebrate specimens.
In 1984, Frank was appointed Safety Officer and helped establish the Museum’s first Health and Safety division. He continued his academic interests and published on aspects of safety in Museums and Galleries.
Frank retired to Cornwall in the early 2000s where his longstanding interest in natural sciences led him to become a member and later chair of Cornwall Geoconservation Group and he was appointed a Trustee of Cornwall Wildlife Trust. He had been actively working and preparing a publication on the recent geological history of Cornwall.
Keeper of Botany at Natural History Museum, London from 1977-1990 (retired).
After military service and study at Newcastle University, Cannon joined the Natural History Museum in 1952 as a Scientific Officer in the General Herbarium. The range of families in his section included the Umbelliferae (Parsley Family), of which he made a special study, particularly of the African species. One of his first tasks was to supervise the creation by Kim Allen of the old British Natural History Gallery. John Cannon was made Deputy Keeper under Bob Ross in 1972, and became Keeper of Botany on Bob’s retirement in1977. When he himself retired in 1990, he left the Museum and gave up botanical research. However, along with his wife Margaret, he wrote a book on Plant Dyes, published by the Museum.
President of Botanical Society of the British Isles (1983-1985)
Regius Keeper between 1845 and 1879