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Married to the third King of Bhutan, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (marries 5 Oct 1951). Daughter of Sonam Topgay Dorji & Mayum Choying Wangmo.

• 1972 the Third King's health had seriously deteriorated. On 22 April 1972 Kesang Choden was formally appointed regent to act on his behalf during his illness — one of the very few women in Bhutanese history to hold such a position.

• From 1972 her title shifted from Queen Consort to Queen Mother, in Dzongkha Gyalyum (རྒྱལ་ཡུམ). She did not remarry. During the Fourth King's long reign (1972–2006) she remained a senior figure at court but kept a deliberately low public profile compared with her four daughters-in-law — four sisters from the Yangtse-based Ngalop family who married her son in a single ceremony in 1988. Observers describe her role in this period as that of a private matriarch rather than a public figurehead, focused on religious practice, family, and the education of her grandchildren.

• When her son Jigme Singye Wangchuck abdicated in December 2006 in favour of his eldest son, Kesang Choden's formal title became Gyalyum Chenmo — "Great Royal Grandmother" — though in common Bhutanese usage she is simply the Royal Grandmother.

Frank Ludlow graduated from Cambridge in 1908 with a BA in natural sciences and on leaving university was appointed vice principal at Sind College, Karachi. During the First World War he served in Mesopotamia after which he went to Poona as Inspector of European Schools. In 1923 he opened a new school at Gyantse, Tibet. Although this closed in 1926 he remained on good terms with the Tibetan government and was almost uniquely allowed access to that country for a number of years. In 1927 he retired to Srinigar in Kashmir and from this date started travelling extensively, collecting birds and plants for the British Museum of Natural History. In 1928 he met George Sherriff in Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan and with their shared interests in ornithology, travel and plants they began a lifelong friendship which led to a series of major expeditions to the Eastern Himalayas and South East Tibet. During the 1930s they trekked through the Tian Shan mountains, Sikkim, Bhutan and Tibet, collecting thousands of plant specimens, though on these journeys Ludlow was more concerned with the collection of birds on which he wrote extensively. During the Second World War Ludlow was in charge of British Mission in Lhasa from 1942 to 1943 and was Joint Commissioner in Ladakh from 1940-42 and again from 1943-46. He continued collecting in 1946 setting off for South East Tibet again with Sherriff. Their sixth and final great expedition together was collecting alpine and temperate flora in Bhutan in 1949. They both returned to Britain in 1950 where Ludlow spent his remaining years working on their collections in the British Museum.
Sources: R. Desmond ‘Dictionary of British and Irish Botanists and Horticulturalists; obituary folder; H.R. Fletcher ‘A Quest for Flowers’.
D.W.

sister of the Queen Grandmother and grand-aunt to the current King (as of September 2026), was born in Bhutan House in Kalimpong on 29 August 1923, the daughter of Gongzim Sonam Tobgye Dorji and Sikkim Princess Choying Wangmo Dorji.

In 1952, she was sent by the Third King, His Majesty Jigme Dorji Wangchuck to eastern Bhutan to help the people who were being harshly taxed by local rulers, empowering her to give Kidu (land) to the Zaps and Tayps (landless classes). This became known as Ashi Tashi Thram and stopped the mass exodus of Bhutanese from the east to India.

In 1962, Tashi represented her brother Jigme Palden Dorji, the Prime Minister of Bhutan, at the 14th meeting of the Consultative Committee of the Colombo Plan, held in Melbourne, Australia.

On 11 July 2018 Ashi Tashi Dorji was the first Bhutanese national to be made an honorary Officer of the Order of Australia, in recognition of establishing strong ties between the two countries.

Surgeon who accompanied G. Sherriff and F. Ludlow on their last expedition in 1949 as a Medical Officer.

• Studied medicine at Birmingham University, obtained his Fellowship in 1942

• 1942-1946, served as a ship’s surgeon in the Merchant Navy

• During his time as surgical registrar and resident surgical officer at Birmingham General Hospital he worked with H. H. Sampson, B. T. Rose, R. Scott Mason and J. B. Leather, and obtained the MCh (Orth) from Liverpool in 1950.

• 1951, appointed surgeon to the Birmingham Accident Hospital

• 1955, married Dr Sheila C. S. Meux in 1955 and they had two sons and one daughter

MRCS 1940
FRCS 1942
MB ChB 1938
MCh (Orth) 1950

“His studies of the anatomy of the foot elucidated the function of the Plantar fascia and both simplified and clarified the movements of inversion and eversion: as a result, he lectured at anatomists meetings both in this country and in France and the United States. He also showed how inversion could cause the familiar lateral rotation injury of the ankle.”

Developed what is known as a Hicks bone plate - used in many countries for internal fixation of bone fractures

Met Mr. JH Hicks on the SS Stratheden while travelling from London, UK (departure date: 3 February 1949) to Bombay, India in early 1949.

Passenger List Entry: Joel Arthur Reuben Hirst, b. 1875, Retired, Age 74. Departure port London, Destination port Sydney.

First name(s) Joel Arthur Reuben
Last name Hirst
Sex Male
Birth year 1875
Age 74
Age as transcribed 74
Occupation Retired
Departure day 3
Departure month 2
Departure year 1949
Departure country England
Departure port London
Destination port Sydney
Entry struck out N
State or territory New South Wales
Destination Sydney
Country Australia
Ship's name Stratheden
Ship's registered tonnage 23732
Destination place - country AUSTRALIA
Destination country Australia
Ship's official number 0
Ship's master's title Captain
Ship's master's first name(s) S W S
Ship's master's last name Dickson
Shipping line P. & O.
Number of passengers 1027
Ship's departure port LONDON
Ship's destination port Sydney
Ship's destination country Australia
Archive The National Archives
Series title Board Of Trade: Commercial And Statistical Department And Successors: Outwards Passenger Lists
Series BT 27
Record set Passenger Lists Leaving UK 1890-1960
Category Travel & migration
Subcategory Passenger Lists
Collections from Great Britain, England, Australasia

Country of Intended Future permanent Residence: Australia

Last Address in the United Kingdom:
24 Beaumont Park Road,
Lockwood, Huddersfield
England
UK